UK Produced High Energy net-shaped PEMD Magnets by hot forming and the use of recycled materials

烧结法制造的钕基磁体是众所周知的。具有高剩余力和矫顽力，这些“强”磁铁可以很小。该项目将继续改进一种新的工艺，包括严格控制热压特殊制备的Nd-Fe-B粉末。这种制造方法在材料的纳米级晶体结构中产生了显著的变化，产生了对许多应用非常有吸引力的磁性，例如电动汽车驱动电机，多种汽车电气系统，能源发电和消费产品。许多产品和行业的电气化提高了对这种磁铁的需求。除了令人印象深刻的磁性外，热成型钕磁铁还有一个重要的优势，即不需要重稀土元素，如铽和镝。消除对这些金属的需求进一步巩固了英国的供应链安全，同时避免了开采和提炼这些元素的环境问题。供应链的安全性和自主性对于为国内高质量电子产品制造商提供持续的生产能力至关重要。因此，为了使电气化可靠地进行，这些磁铁的国内大规模生产将需要得到证明。该项目将通过结合英国主要钕磁铁制造商SG Technologies、伯明翰大学磁性材料集团（MMG）和采埃孚汽车英国有限公司共享的专业加工和应用专业知识，将这些磁铁的生产嵌入英国供应链。通过合作，在MMG的冶金专业知识的帮助下，SG技术将展示大规模执行该生产过程的能力。此外，在HyProMag的协助下，MMG将展示利用回收磁性材料作为该生产过程原材料的可能性。这里开发的独一无二的技术将进一步寻求减少磁铁生产对环境的影响，减少浪费，并为英国供应链提供进一步的独立性。SG Technologies在压力机技术方面的独特专业知识将使生产定制的电动计算机控制压力机成为可能，该压力机能够大批量制造网形热成型磁铁，为英国工业生产能力铺平道路。采埃孚汽车英国有限公司将进一步评估这些磁铁可能适合应用的产品，以及模拟它们在应用中的性能，并彻底表征所生产的热成型磁铁的磁性。未来设备和技术的设计也将在此背景下考虑。

Neodymium based magnets made by sintering are well known. Having high remanence and coercivity, these "strong" magnets can be small. This project will pursue refinement of a newer process involving tightly controlled hot pressing of specially prepared Nd-Fe-B powder. This manufacturing method creates remarkable changes in the nanoscopic crystal structure of the material, producing magnetic properties that are highly appealing for a number of applications, such as electric vehicle drive motors, multiple automotive electrical systems, energy generation and consumer products. Electrification in many products and sectors has raised a demand for such magnets. In addition to their impressive magnetic properties, hot-formed Neodymium magnets have the vital advantage of not requiring heavy rare earth elements such as Terbium and Dysprosium. Eliminating the need for these metals further entrenches supply chain security to the UK, as well as avoiding the environmental concerns regarding mining and refining these elements.Supply chain security and autonomy are vital for providing consistent production capability for domestic manufacturers of high-quality electronics. Hence, for the move to electrification to proceed reliably, domestic large-scale production of these magnets will need to be demonstrated.This project will embed production of these magnets in the UK supply chain by combining the specialised processing and application expertise shared by SG Technologies -- the UK's primary Neodymium magnet manufacturer -- the Magnetic Materials Group (MMG) at the University of Birmingham, and ZF Automotive UK Limited. Collaboratively, the ability to perform this production process at scale will be demonstrated at SG Technologies with the aid of the metallurgical expertise from the MMG to assist.Additionally, with the assistance of HyProMag, the MMG will demonstrate the possibility of utilising recycled magnetic material as raw material for this production process. The one-of-a-kind technology developed here will further seek to decrease the environmental impact of magnet production, reducing waste and provide further independence to the UK supply chain.The unique expertise in press technology at SG Technologies will make possible the production of a bespoke electric, computer-controlled press capable of high-volume manufacturing of net-shaped, hot-formed magnets, pathing a route towards UK industrial production capability. ZF Automotive UK Limited will take this further by evaluating products where these magnets may be suitable in applications, as well as simulating their performance in applications and thorough characterisation of the magnetic properties of the hot-formed magnets produced. Design of future devices and technologies will also be considered in this context.