VCU Healthy Communities for Youth: Evaluation of Violence Prevention Strategies to Prevent and Reduce Community Levels of Youth Violence

摘要 该项目的目标是支持一个预防青少年暴力国家卓越中心， 评估一项全面的预防战略，以减少和预防社区青年暴力发生率， 弗吉尼亚州里士满和美国各地的类似社区。该项目的具体目标是：（1） 在社区一级实施预防青年暴力的综合办法，包括 预防暴力战略：（a）两项相辅相成的参与性行动研究预防战略 包括青年之声，一个针对非裔美国青少年的文化响应课程，以及种子 方法，一个以证据为基础的过程，青年和成年人一起确定战略和发展 一项行动计划，以解决在青年积极发展方面造成不平等的社会和结构性条件 机会，（B）一个以医院为基础的预防战略，新兴的领导者，提供一个简短的以医院为基础的 暴力干预，然后是6个月的环绕式社区案件管理，火器安全 咨询计划，以及为经历过故意伤害的青少年举办的心理教育研讨会系列。 （c）利益攸关方教育战略，以建立供资和资源能力， * 通过讲习班和在赠款发放方面提供技术援助，加强为青年服务的基层组织， Walker-Talker社区参与模式，以增加社区成员对 积极的青年发展机会，并为各组织提供以证据为基础的讲习班， （2）评估这一综合方法在社区一级的影响 通过不断收集关于社区一级青年暴力风险指标的监测数据 在三个经济上处于不利地位的社区中使用多基线设计;（3）评估 通过评估每项预防战略对以下方面的影响， （4）成立青年谘询理事会，积极 参与预防战略的制定、实施和评估;（5）指导和 为博士生、博士后研究员和教职员工提供青年暴力领域的培训 预防该项目的重点是里士满市的三个经济上处于不利地位的社区， 弗吉尼亚州的选择是基于社区的投入和对监测数据的审查，这些数据表明， 社区青年暴力。青少年凶杀案占所有凶杀案和故意伤害案的大部分 1999年至2019年期间的死亡率（96%）（CDC-WISQARS）-这一比率几乎是10.5倍 高于全国平均水平（CDC-WISQARS，2020）。里士满的暴力对非洲的影响不成比例 美国青年，92%死于故意伤害和暴力相关伤害的青年是非洲人 美国（主教和查普曼，2019年）。鉴于这些统计数据，确定预防和 降低里士满的青少年暴力事件发生率。

Abstract The goal of this project is to support a National Center of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention to implement and evaluate a comprehensive prevention strategy to reduce and prevent community rates of youth violence in Richmond, Virginia and similar communities across the United States. The project’s specific objectives are: (1) To implement a comprehensive approach to youth violence prevention at the community-level with the following violence prevention strategies: (a) two complementary participatory action research prevention strategies including Youth Voices, a culturally responsive curriculum for African American adolescents, and the SEED Method, an evidenced-based process where youth and adults join together to identify strategies and develop an action plan to address social and structural conditions that create inequities in positive youth development opportunities, (b) a hospital-based prevention strategy, Emerging Leaders, that offers a brief hospital-based violence intervention followed by 6-months of wrap-around community case management, a firearm safety counseling program, and a psychoeducational workshop series for youth who have experienced an intentional or violence-related injury, and (c) stakeholder education strategies to build funding and resource capacity for youth-serving grassroots organizations through workshops and technical assistance in grant-writing, to expand the Walker-Talker community engagement model to increase community members’ knowledge of and access to positive youth development opportunities, and to offer evidenced-based workshops for organizations to promote youths’ developmental assets; (2) To evaluate the community-level impact of this comprehensive approach through continuous collection of surveillance data on community-level indicators of youth violence exposure using a multiple baseline design in three economically disadvantaged communities; (3) To evaluate the effectiveness of each prevention strategy with this comprehensive approach by assessing their impact on specific risk and protective factors they address; (4) To develop a Youth Advisory Council that will be actively involved in the development, implementation, and evaluation of the prevention strategies, and (5) To mentor and provide training to doctoral-level students, postdoctoral fellows, and faculty in the area of youth violence prevention. The project focuses on three economically disadvantaged communities in the City of Richmond, Virginia that were selected based on community input and review of surveillance data indicating high rates of community youth violence. Youth homicide accounted for the majority of all homicides and intentional injury deaths (96%) between 1999 and 2019 (CDC-WISQARS) – a rate that is nearly two times to 10.5 times greater than the national average (CDC-WISQARS, 2020). Violence in Richmond disproportionately impacts African American youth, and 92% of all youth who died from intentional and violence-related injuries were African American (Bishop & Chapman, 2019). Given these statistics, is essential to identify strategies that prevent and decrease community rates of youth violence in Richmond.