Novel High-Efficiency Ammonia engine Technology for Heavy Duty marine applications (HEAT-HD)

HEAT-HD是一种改变游戏规则的高温液氨（LNH 3）发动机技术，具有70%的BTE。针对船舶推进系统和辅助动力装置（APU）以及高达10MW.LNH3的岸边发电机组，对海事应用具有明显的经济和运营效益，因为它提供了液氢的能量存储密度和真正的零排放特性，而没有与存储低温液体相关的寄生损失。氨技术专门针对重型船舶部门。HPDI喷射器技术将使新一代高效LNH 3发动机的排放量低于同类港口燃料发动机。HEAT-HD将开发一种新颖的LNH 3燃料系统和发动机概念，将四种独特的技术结合在一起，以应对使用LNH 3作为燃料的关键挑战，这是目前SOTA NH3 ICE技术在船舶应用中的明显变化。包括四个独特的技术和他们的优势是：1。高温（隔热）卡诺发动机，关键部件由耐高温材料制成，能够承受燃料燃烧温度，消除了三分之一的燃料能量浪费在冷却系统2上。HPDI燃油喷射策略，提高性能，减少缸内排放和爆震3。主动预燃室TJI概念，多点点火，用于超稀薄燃烧和冷启动操作。4.氨原位裂解，为氨发动机提供氢气先导，实现高效燃烧。预燃室湍流喷射点火（TJI）概念将优化二次燃烧，氢气消耗量小，氨原位裂解。该项目是一项可行性和基于实验室的示范研究，旨在评估技术，使用卡诺技术以LNH 3作为主要燃料源减少GHG排放的经济和监管可行性。该项目将开发和演示一种双燃料氢先导燃料系统，通过转换能源（TE）SOFC氨裂解技术，仅存储氨，部分裂解为氢，并将确定转换为这种燃料系统所需的设计元素。它将采用南安普顿大学全面的基于物理的建模专业知识来模拟LNH 3发动机燃烧，涵盖四种独特的技术，并辅以布鲁内尔大学的光学室来验证燃烧动力学，然后在项目结束时进行卡诺发动机测试。Carnot还将与Carisbrooke和OS Energy（OSE）作为最终用户合作，通过船上工作循环数据收集、数据分析和潜在系统集成机会的探索，探索技术商业化。HEAT-HD旨在打破氨作为船用燃料的主要障碍之一。

HEAT-HD is a game-changing high-temperature liquid-ammonia (LNH3) powered engine technology with 70% BTE. Targeting marine propulsion systems and Auxiliary Power Units (APUs) and shore-side power generation units up to 10MW.LNH3 has clear economic and operational benefits for maritime applications as it offers the energy storage density and true zero emission property of liquid hydrogen without the parasitic losses associated with storing cryogenic liquids. Ammonia technology is specifically targeting the heavy-duty marine sector. HPDI injector technology will enable a new generation of high-efficiency LNH3 engines that offer lower emissions than comparable port-fuelled engines.HEAT-HD will develop a novel LNH3 fuel system and engine concept combining four unique technologies together to tackle critical challenges of using LNH3 as a fuel, a clear step-change from current SOTA NH3 ICE technologies for marine applications. The four unique technologies included and their advantages are:1. High-temperature (thermally insulated) Carnot engine with key components manufactured from high temperature resistant materials able to withstand fuel combustion temperatures, eliminating the third of fuel-energy wasted to cooling systems2. HPDI fuel injection strategy for improved performance and reduce in-cylinder emission and knock3. Active pre-chamber TJI concept with multi-point ignition for ultra-lean combustion and cold-start operation.4. Cracking of ammonia in-situ to provide the hydrogen pilot for the ammonia engine to achieve efficient combustion.The pre-chamber Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) concept will optimise secondary combustion, with small hydrogen consumption, cracked from ammonia in-situ.The project is a feasibility and lab-based demonstration study to assess the technical, economic and regulatory feasibility of using Carnot's technology to reduce GHG emissions using LNH3 as the primary fuel source. The project will develop and demonstrate a dual-fuel hydrogen-piloted fuel system with only ammonia stored, a proportion cracked to hydrogen, via the Transformational Energy (TE) SOFC Ammonia cracking technology, and will identify the design elements required to convert to this fuel-system. It will employ comprehensive physics-based modelling expertise from University of Southampton to simulate LNH3 engine combustion covering the four unique technologies, complemented by Brunel University's optical chambers to validate combustion dynamics, before targeting a Carnot engine test at the end of the project. Carnot will also engage with Carisbrooke and OS Energy (OSE) as end users to explore technology commercialisation via duty cycle data collection on board vessels, data analysis and exploration of potential system integration opportunities.HEAT-HD aims to break down one of the main barriers to ammonia being adopted as a marine fuel.