Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Help Seeking of American Indian and Black Women Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence

摘要 亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)是一个复杂而普遍的公共卫生问题，对 美国印第安人(AI)和黑人女性，通常不寻求帮助，但健康状况最差 结果包括凶杀案。随着新冠肺炎的持续流行，为人工智能和黑人女性寻求帮助的行为 在倡导者中的一种全球担忧中变得更加复杂， 隔离措施正在无意中危及经历IPV的妇女。据我们所知，虽然 坊间证据显示，新冠肺炎疫情使女性的暴力经历复杂化 暴力水平可能上升，导致致命后果，但没有系统的研究跟踪妇女 这次大流行期间的IPV经验。为了解决这一紧迫的差距，我们提出了以社区为基础的 参与性研究(CBPR)研究，由土著和黑人女权主义思想提供信息，将使用 定性和定量的方法，使我们能够系统地描述 结构、经济和人际促进因素以及在人工智能和黑人中寻求帮助的障碍 在新冠肺炎大流行期间，威斯康星州城市和农村地区的妇女。我们将进行调查和 在三年的时间里，每年对300名人工智能和黑人女性进行个人和焦点小组采访，以跟踪女性 求助经历、求助模式和求助障碍。女性将从社区招募- 总部设在全州的合作伙伴机构以及我们的合作伙伴通常通知女性的其他网站 关于她们的服务，以便捕捉寻求帮助的妇女以及没有寻求帮助的妇女。我们的 通过这项研究的最终目标是创建一个平台，在这个平台上，女性的声音可以为健康实践提供信息 和卫生政策，同时也借鉴了由倡导者和其他关键人物组成的社区咨询委员会 威斯康星州人工智能和黑人社区的成员，为解决 人工智能和黑人女性生活中的IPV迫切问题。我们建议的CBPR研究符合我们的使命 和国家少数民族健康和健康差距研究所的目标，因为它侧重于两个 受大流行影响不成比例的人口，但通常也不成比例 受IPV的影响。此外，这项CBPR研究还涉及基层、基于社区的机构 学术伙伴(威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校)以女性现实为基础的学术合作伙伴是 参与性，建立在社区成员的能力和复原力的基础上。

ABSTRACT Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex and pervasive public health problem disproportionately affecting American Indian (AI) and Black women, who ordinarily do not seek help, but who experience the worst health outcomes including homicide. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, help-seeking for AI and Black women has become even more complicated amidst a global concern among advocates that social distancing, quarantine, and isolation measures are inadvertently endangering women experiencing IPV. To our knowledge, while anecdotal evidence shows that the COVID-19 pandemic has complicated women’s experiences of violence with a possible rise in levels of violence resulting in lethal outcomes, no systematic studies exist that track women’s experiences of IPV during this pandemic. To address this urgent gap, we propose a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study informed by Indigenous and Black feminist thought, that will employ qualitative and quantitative methods, enabling us to systematically describe the unique and intersecting structural, economic, and interpersonal facilitators and barriers to help-seeking for IPV among AI and Black women in urban and rural areas of Wisconsin during theCOVID-19 pandemic. We will conduct surveys and individual and focus group interviews with 300 AI and Black women every year for three years to track women’s experiences, patterns of help-seeking, and barriers to help-seeking. Women will be recruited from community- based partner agencies across the state as well as at other sites where our partners ordinarily inform women about their services, in order to capture women seeking help as well as women who have not sought help. Our ultimate goal through this study is to create a platform where women’s voices can then inform health practice and health policy while also drawing from a community advisory board constituted of advocates and other key members of AI and Black communities in Wisconsin, to provide actionable recommendations for addressing the urgent problem of IPV in the lives of AI and Black women. Our proposed CBPR study is in line with the mission and goals of the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities because it focuses on two populations that are disproportionately affected by the pandemic, while also ordinarily disproportionately impacted by IPV. Additionally, this CBPR study engages grassroots, community-based agencies with an academic partner (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee) in scholarship that is grounded in women’s realities, is participatory in nature, and is built upon the capacities and the resilience of community members.