Using structured video chat to improve relationships between young children andremote grandparents.

项目摘要 在COVID-19大流行期间，许多家庭正在使用视频聊天（例如，Zoom）来维持关系 包括祖父母在内的远亲67%的祖父母表示喜欢视频， 与孙辈聊天，只有28%经常这样做。提高这一比例， 改善祖孙关系，因为我们的初步研究1显示， 频率是祖父母对孙子孙女亲密程度的一个强有力的预测因素，即使在控制了 他们之间的地理距离。我们过去、正在进行和未来研究的总体目标是 了解视频聊天的认知和社会发展挑战，以支持其使用， 孩子作为实现这一目标的下一步，我们建议直接比较两种指导方法， 如何改善祖父母和年幼孙子之间的视频聊天（18-72个月） 年龄）。家庭将在每次视频聊天期间使用视频聊天，而无需研究人员参与。亲子- 祖父母黑社会（n=180;最大的幼儿和视频聊天的多会话观察性研究， 日期）将记录10个视频聊天在三个随机分配的条件之一：结构化播放，结构化 阅读，或没有指令时（控制）。我们的总体假设是，结构化视频聊天将 增加儿童的参与和共同关注（主要成果指标）以及祖父母的参与 享受视频聊天和与孙子的亲密关系（次要结局指标）。我们将使用 对这些聊天的视频记录进行详细的行为编码，以客观地评估许多结果 措施我们的初步研究2表明，结构化的视频聊天有助于更积极的社交 交互.拟议的工作扩展了我们的初步工作，因为它将我们的实验室方法 在家庭的自然环境中采取一种互补的生态有效方法。在目标1中，我们将确定 结构化视频聊天是否以及为谁提高了儿童参与度，并增加了儿童发起的屏幕- 基于祖父母和孙子孙女之间视频聊天时的共同关注。在目标2中，我们将确定 结构化视频聊天是否增加了祖父母对视频聊天的享受， 和孙子的亲密关系PI Myers和Co-I Strouse都是R15-AREA合格的机构， 有能力完成拟定的工作。2017年以来，他们发表了9篇关于视频聊天的论文，12篇 在阅读方面，合作完成了3项前期研究和2篇论文。77人被骗 本科生，其中许多人是会议海报或演示文稿的共同作者（37; 22作为一个 作者或期刊文章（12）。重要的是，17名学生来自代表性不足的群体（BIPOC，首先- 大学生（LGBT）共有47人正在攻读或已完成与健康有关的研究生课程 科学，包括15个博士学位。拟议的工作解决了NICHD CDBB的优先事项， 我们对“技术和数字媒体使用对儿童和青少年发展的影响”的理解。

Project Summary During the COVID-19 pandemic many families are using video chat (e.g., Zoom) to maintain relationships with distant relatives, including grandparents. While 67% of all grandparents reported liking the idea of video chatting with their grandchildren, only 28% did so regularly. Increasing this percentage could significantly improve grandparent-grandchild relationships because our Preliminary Study 1 showed that video chat frequency is a strong predictor of grandparent’s ratings of closeness to their grandchild, even after controlling for the geographic distance between them. The overall goal of our past, ongoing, and future research is to understand the cognitive and social developmental challenges of video chat in order to support its use with children. As the next step towards this goal, we propose to directly compare two approaches to instructing grandparents on how to improve video chats between grandparents and young grandchildren (18-72 months of age). Families will use video chat without the involvement of researchers during each video chat. Parent-child- grandparent triads (n=180; the largest multi-session observational study of young children and video chat to date) will record 10 video chats under one of three randomly-assigned conditions: structured play, structured reading, or when given no instructions (control). Our overall hypothesis is that structured video chat will increase children’s engagement and joint attention (primary outcome measures), as well as grandparents’ enjoyment of video chat and closeness with their grandchild (secondary outcome measures). We will use detailed behavioral coding of the video recordings of these chats to objectively assess many of the outcome measures. Our Preliminary Study 2 showed that structured video chat facilitates more positive social interactions. The proposed work extends our preliminary work because it translates our laboratory methods to a complementary ecologically-valid approach in families’ naturalistic environments. In Aim 1, we will determine whether and for whom structured video chat improves child engagement and increases child-initiated screen- based joint attention during video chats between grandparents and grandchildren. In Aim 2, we will determine whether structured video chat increases grandparents’ enjoyment of the video chats and leads to greater feelings of closeness to their grandchild. PI Myers and Co-I Strouse, who are both at R15-AREA-eligible institutions, are well-qualified to complete the proposed work. Since 2017, they have published 9 papers on video chat, 12 papers on reading, and collaboratively completed 3 preliminary studies and 2 papers. They have mentored 77 undergraduate students, many of whom were co-authors on conference posters or presentations (37; 22 as a presenter) or journal articles (12). Importantly, 17 students came from underrepresented groups (BIPOC, first- generation in college, LGBT). A total of 47 are pursuing or have completed graduate work in health-related sciences, including 15 for doctoral degrees. The proposed work addresses a NICHD CDBB priority of advancing our understanding of “Effects of Technology and Digital Media Use on Child and Adolescent Development.”