Regulation of lipid metabolism in pulmonary Type 2 cells

肺表面活性物质不足损害肺顺应性和呼吸功能 病理学我们对成人肺疾病中表面活性物质代谢的了解非常有限， 限制了治疗靶向的潜力。在这个项目中，我们已经产生了一个新的遗传模型， 通过删除低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白1（LRP 1）治疗成人疾病中的表面活性物质不足 特别是在产生表面活性剂的2型细胞（AEC 2）中。LRP 1作为脂蛋白受体和细胞外 蛋白酶清除受体，与COPD患者呼吸功能下降相关， 肺动脉高压在我们产生的LRP 1敲低AEC 2（LRP 1 KD）细胞系中的研究， 他莫昔芬诱导的AEC 2特异性LRP 1敲除小鼠（SPC-LRP 1-/-）显示，LRP 1是维持 表面活性剂脂质分泌和细胞内脂质稳态，以确保最佳的肺顺应性， 呼吸功能我们假设LRP 1控制AEC 2中的表面活性剂代谢，我们将研究LRP 1在AEC 2中的作用。 监管机制。在目标1中，我们将在细胞膜水平上解释LRP 1的作用机制， AEC 2及其对AEC 2中表面活性剂合成的脂质来源的调节。在目标2中，我们将研究 上皮与间质的相互作用以及LRP 1在肺功能进行性下降中的作用 促纤维化的挑战和分子机制负责。我们将尝试一种新的治疗方法 停止下降。 这一建议在概念上和技术上都是创新的。AEC-2在成年期脂代谢中的作用 肺部疾病不详。LRP 1通过脂质代谢调节许多细胞功能，在不同的细胞中， 我们的研究表明，它还通过表面活性剂脂质代谢调节肺功能。在 此外，我们使用新的技术，包括诱导型和细胞特异性基因敲除模型在体内脂质 追踪和组学分析。表面活性物质的体内平衡使基本的肺功能，但调节 对成人疾病中表面活性物质体内平衡了解很少。本研究的意义更进一步 表面活性剂脂质在多种肺部病变中发生改变，包括大多数 普遍的。

Surfactant insufficiency compromises pulmonary compliance and respiratory function in multiple pulmonary pathologies. Our understanding of surfactant metabolism in adult pulmonary disease is very limited and this restricts the potential for therapeutic targeting. In this project, we have generated a new genetic model of surfactant insufficiency in adult disease by deleting the low-density lipoprotein receptor related protein 1 (LRP1) specifically in surfactant producing type 2 cells (AEC2). LRP1 functions as lipoprotein receptor and extracellular protease clearing receptor and it is associated with decreased respiratory function in patients with COPD and pulmonary arterial hypertension. Studies in our generated cell line of LRP1 knockdown AEC2 (LRP1 KD) and tamoxifen-inducible AEC2-specific LRP1 knockout mice (SPC-LRP1-/-) show that LRP1 is required to maintain surfactant lipid secretion and intracellular lipid homeostasis to ensure optimal pulmonary compliance and respiratory function. We hypothesize that LRP1 controls surfactant metabolism in AEC2 and we will study the regulatory mechanisms. In Aim 1 we will decipher the mechanism of action of LRP1 at the membrane level in AEC2 and its regulation of the lipid source for surfactant synthesis in AEC2. In Aim 2 we will investigate the epithelial to mesenchymal cross talk and the role of LRP1 in the progressive decline in lung function during profibrotic challenges and molecular mechanisms responsible. We will attempt a new therapeutic approach to stop the decline. This proposal is innovative conceptually and technically. The role of AEC2 lipid metabolism during adult pulmonary disease is unknown. LRP1 regulates many cellular functions through lipid metabolism in different tissues and our study shows that it also regulates pulmonary function through surfactant lipid metabolism. In addition, we use novel techniques that include inducible and cell-specific genetic knockout models in vivo lipid tracing and -omics analysis. Surfactant homeostasis enables basic pulmonary function, but the regulation of surfactant homeostasis in adult disease is very little understood. The significance of this research is further underscored by the fact that surfactant lipid is altered in multiple pulmonary pathologies, including the most prevalent ones.