PREVALENCE OF SLEEP APNEA IN WOMEN

这项建议的目标是：(1)确定 女性睡眠呼吸暂停及其与年龄的关系；(2)预测 有SA风险的妇女；以及(3)定义患有SA的妇女的自然病史 莎拉。通常，SA伴随着相当大的发病率；相关的 白天过度嗜睡、心血管异常和认知功能障碍 损伤对白天功能的影响很大。肥胖者， 据报道，高血压患者、老年和绝经后女性 增加了SA的风险。我们已发表有关沙门氏菌流行情况的报告。 几个特殊人群：没有睡眠主诉的老年受试者 以及失眠、发作性睡病、高血压和肥胖患者。我们是 目前正在建立基于睡眠的男性SA患病率 对从以下项目中随机挑选的约1,000名男性进行实验室评估 随机生成的电话样本，从将军那里抽取了4364人 人口。到目前为止，我们已经完成了第一阶段的电话调查 并在睡眠实验室记录了第二阶段的大约700个 这项研究的结果。我们对流行率的初步估计约为2.2% 在成年男性人群中有临床可诊断的SA。此外， 在男性样本中，年龄分布与年龄不呈线性关系。 相反，它在大约55岁时达到顶峰。最后，主要风险 这些因素似乎是肥胖和打呼噜。两个国家之间的差异 临床和部分人群的男女比例为10.0：1 到1.9：1。最近的一项研究表明，SA在女性中的患病率 大约比男性少2倍。然而，这项研究并没有对 一般人口，只使用有限的年龄范围(30至60岁) 这不允许评估更年期的影响。因此， 在一般人群中，SA在女性中的患病率仍然很高 未定。为了确定在女性中的患病率 合理的精确度，拟议的流行率确定将使用 根据我们的男性患病率研究修改的两阶段样本 正在以下列两种方式进行：1)扩大电话样本 (n=12,000名妇女)将从一般人口中随机选择 评估SA的临床相关风险因素；以及2)第二次 从第一个样本中随机选择的样本(N=1,500)，基于较高 SA的风险(包括更年期的额外风险因素)将是 在睡眠实验室进行评估，以确定SA的存在。这 战略将产生足够的力量，以建立 需要治疗的SA和SDB在一般妇女中的患病率 以及产生了足够大的样本，使我们能够 建立危险因素与女性SA之间的联系。

The objectives of this proposal are to: (1) identify the prevalence of sleep apnea (SA) in women and its relationship to age; (2) predict those women at risk for SA; and (3) define the natural history of those with SA. Often SA is accompanied by considerable morbidity; the associated excessive daytime sleepiness, cardiovascular abnormalities and cognitive impairment impact greatly on daytime functioning. The obese, hypertensives, elderly and postmenopausal women are reported to be at increased risk for SA. We have published on the prevalence of SA in several special populations: elderly subjects without sleep complaints and insomniac, narcoleptic, hypertensive and obese patients. We are currently establishing the prevalence of SA in men based on the sleep laboratory evaluation of approximately 1,000 men randomly selected from a randomly generated telephone sample of 4,364 men from the general population. To date we have completed the first-stage telephone survey and have recorded in the sleep laboratory about 700 for the second stage of the study. Our preliminary estimate of prevalence is that about 2.2% of the adult male population have clinically diagnosable SA. Further, in the male sample, the age distribution is not linearly related to age. Rather, it peaks at approximately age 55. Finally, the major risk factors appear to be obesity and snoring. The differences in the male/female ratio in clinical and selected populations range from 10.0:1 to 1.9:1. One recent study suggests that the prevalence of SA in women is about 2-fold less than in men. However, this study did not sample the general population and used only a restricted age range (30 to 60 years) which did not allow the assessment of the influence of menopause. Thus, the prevalence of SA in women in the general population remains largely undetermined. In order to establish the prevalence in women with reasonable precision, the proposed prevalence determination will employ a two-stage sample modified from our prevalence study in men currently in progress in the following two ways: 1) an expanded telephone sample (N=12,000 women) selected randomly from the general population will be evaluated, for clinically relevant risk factors for SA; and 2) a second sample (N=1,500) selected randomly from the first sample based on higher risk for SA (including the additional risk factor of menopause) will be evaluated in the sleep laboratory to determine the presence of SA. This strategy will yield an adequate power in order to establish the prevalence of SA requiring treatment and SDB in women in the general population as well as result in a large enough sample to enable us to establish the association between risk factors and SA in women.