HOMEMADE CEREAL-BASED ORAL REHYDRATION THERAPY

腹泻和脱水是一种常见的疾病， 美国，占住院人数的10%以上，500人死亡 在5岁以下儿童中， 腹泻性脱水是 可预防和治疗的早期和适当使用口服 补液疗法（ORT），给予平衡的 葡萄糖或止血剂和电解质。市售口服补液溶液 (ORS)经常被健康专家推荐， 在药店和一些杂货店都有卖。 然而，他们的高 成本可能成为贫困家庭使用这些设备的经济障碍， 他们的孩子最有可能患上致命的腹泻性脱水症。 该建议通过评估安全性和 自制谷物ORS（C-ORS）在对照组中的有效性 实验时尚 C-ORS可以由通常的成分制备。 在家里发现，比糖基ORS更安全，并提供 减少的音量，频率和持续时间的额外优势 腹泻目前尚无关于安全性和 国产C-ORS在美国的有效性。这项研究将招募 4 - 36个月的儿童出现在儿科急诊 波士顿市立医院儿科初级保健诊所和 波士顿儿童医院急性腹泻 患者将 随机分配至三个治疗组之一：Pedialyte、自制 C-口服补液盐，或由预先计量的谷物包装制成的C-口服补液盐 和电解质。 将对患者进行随访，并按研究收集数据 每天都有护士上门服务，直到病情痊愈。 治疗失败、腹泻持续时间和频率-血清 电解质和体重增加将构成主要结果变量。 还将获得自制C-ORS样本，并进行钠含量测定 内容 如果实验性的C-ORS被发现是安全有效的， 儿童保健提供者可能会选择它作为一种低成本的替代方案， 商业ORS，在适当的监督下，可建议 否则可能会发现ORT费用过高的家庭。

Diarrhea with dehydration is a common illness among young children in the United States, accounting for over 10% of hospitalizations and 500 deaths per year among children under age five years. Diarrheal dehydration is preventable and treatable with the early and appropriate use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT), the administration of a balanced solution of glucose or stanch and electrolytes. Commercial oral rehydration solutions (ORS) are frequently recommended by health professionals and are widely available in pharmacies and some grocery stores. However, their high cost may serve as an economic barrier to their use by poor families, whose children are most likely to suffer fatal diarrheal dehydration. This proposal addresses this problem by evaluating the safety and effectiveness of homemade cereal--based ORS (C-ORS) in a controlled experimental fashion. C-ORS can be prepared from ingredients commonly found in the home, more safely than sugar-based ORS, and offers the additional advantage of reducing the volume, frequency, and duration of diarrhea. Currently there are no data available on the safety and effectiveness of homemade C-ORS in the U.S. This study will recruit children aged 4-36 months presenting in the Pediatric Emergency Department or Pediatric Primary Care Clinic of Boston City Hospital and Children's Hospital, Boston, with acute diarrhea. Patients will be randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: Pedialyte, homemade C--ORS, or C-ORS prepared from a packet containing pre-measured cereal and electrolytes. Patients will be followed and data collected by study nurses who will visit the home daily until the illness resolves. Treatment failures, duration and frequency of diarrhea- serum electrolytes, and weight gain will constitute the main outcome variables. Samples of homemade C-ORS will also be obtained and assayed for sodium content. If the experimental C-ORS is found to be safe and effective, child health providers may choose it as a low-cost alternative to commercial ORS that, with proper supervision, may be recommended to families who may otherwise find the cost of ORT to be prohibitive.