ANDROGEN EFFECTS ON COGNITION IN TURNER SYNDROME

雌激素和雄激素似乎影响女性的脑功能， 青春期 环境和文化因素与生物 雌激素和雄激素对脑及认知功能的影响 和行为。 患有特纳综合征的女性卵巢发育不良， 在青春期前或青春期不产生雌激素或雄激素。 因此，我们认为， 特纳综合征代表了一种独特的，性功能缺陷， 研究雄激素对认知的生物学效应， 行为 该项目的总体目标是研究设计。 我们将 研究（1）两个Turner综合征组：（A）雄激素组和（B）无雄激素组 （2）年龄匹配的正常女性对照组。 具体目标 本项目的主要目的是：1）研究雄激素对认知功能的影响， 青少年（11-13岁）的社会功能， 特纳综合征的女孩，和2）记录的差异， 青少年在认知和行为功能上的相似性 Turner综合征女孩（接受或未接受雄激素治疗）和年龄 接受雄激素治疗或未接受雄激素治疗的VIQ女孩：（1）Turner 接受雄激素治疗与不接受雄激素治疗的综合征女孩将进行 在视觉空间能力和视觉运动能力的测试中表现更好， (2)接受雄激素治疗与不接受雄激素治疗的Turner综合征女孩将 在注意力、执行功能、社交能力、 功能，和情感能力，（3）特纳女孩治疗与 雄激素治疗2年将显示出最大的治疗效果， 与治疗1年的女孩相比，（4）雄激素治疗将 显著减少特纳综合征与正常人之间的差异 控制女孩在测试执行功能，社会功能， 情感能力 这项关于青少年认知和社会发展的调查是一项 了解正常大脑发育的重要一步。 此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 这些数据将决定如何优化特纳的认知功能， 综合征，并将扩大知识的潜在机制， 两性异形

Estrogen and androgen appear to influence brain function in females at puberty. Environmental and cultural factors interact with the biological effects of estrogen and androgen on he brain an consequently on cognition and behavior. Women with Turner syndrome have dysgenetic ovaries that do not produce estrogen or androgen, before or at puberty. Therefore, Turner syndrome represents a unique, sex hormone-deficient, model in which to study the biological effects of androgen on cognition and behavior. The overall goal of this project is to study design. we will study (1) two Turner syndrome groups: (A) androgen and (B) no androgen and (2) an age-matched, normal female control group. The specific aims of this project are to: 1) examine the effects of androgen on cognitive and social function in adolescent (11-13 years), growth hormone-treated girls with Turner syndrome, and 2) documented the differences and similarities in cognitive and behavioral function between adolescent Turner syndrome girls (treated or not treated wit androgen) and age-and VIQ-girls treated with androgen, or not androgen-treated: (1) Turner syndrome girls treated with androgen versus no androgen will perform better on the tests of visual-spatial ability and visual-motor ability, (2) Turner syndrome girls treated with androgen versus no androgen will not perform differently on tests of attention, executive function, social function, and affective competence, (3) Turner girls treated with androgen for 2 years will demonstrate the greatest treatment effects, compared to girls treated for 1 year, and (4) androgen treatment will significantly reduce the differences between Turner syndrome and normal controls girls on tests executive function, social function, and affective competence. This investigation of adolescent cognitive and social development is an important step in understanding normal brain development. In addition, these data will determine how to optimize cognitive function in Turner syndrome, and will extend knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of sexual dimorphism.