CRUCIFEROUS VEGETABLES, GENES, AND COLON ADENOMAS

描述：（申请人的描述）长期目标是研究 环境暴露结合遗传宿主因素对 常见癌症的风险。 该项目利用流行病学和分子生物学 遗传学方法，重点是十字花科蔬菜（如西兰花）， 结肠息肉，会导致癌症 分析遗传因素 帮助身体摆脱致癌物质的酶的变体 化学品 这种酶叫做谷胱甘肽转移酶， 葡萄糖醛酸基转移酶、醌还原酶和环氧化物水解酶。 西兰花中的特殊化合物可以提高体内这些酶的水平。 然而，一些谷胱甘肽转移酶也会导致身体排泄谷胱甘肽。 特殊化合物 人们有不同形式的酶， 各种形式可能会影响他们患息肉的风险。 通过研究各种 有息肉和没有息肉的人的酶的形式，我们也许可以 更精确地了解西兰花如何保护人们免受癌症的侵害。 我们可能 也能发现更好的预防癌症的方法。 该项目将使用受试者（1，000例病例和1，000例对照）， 一项正在进行的研究，题为“一项基于乙状结肠镜检查的病例对照研究， 息肉受试者是从两次乙状结肠镜检查中招募的 位于洛杉矶的凯撒医疗中心的诊所。 例 无症状，首次诊断为至少一种结直肠腺瘤。 对照组选自无息肉的受试者。 数据 从自我管理的饮食问卷中收集， 非饮食风险因素、空腹血液样本和病理学的访谈 报道 该项目将在所有学科中描述多态基因的特征， 用于GSTM 1、GSTM 3、GSTT1、GSTP 1、NQO 1、EPHX 1、UGTL *1、UGTL *6和UGTL *02。 这些基因中的大多数没有受到流行病学家的关注，因为 尚未尝试进行大规模的分子研究。 PCR测定，异源双链体 分析、DNA测序和基因表达测定将用于 从分子上描述这些基因。 完成分子分析 将提供有关西兰花保护机制的信息。 结肠癌的预防可以得到改善。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Description) The long-term goal is to study effects of environmental exposures combined with heritable host factor on the risks for common cancers. The project uses epidemiology and molecular genetic approaches and focuses on cruciferous vegetables (like broccoli) and colon polyps, which lead to cancer. Hereditary factors to be analyzed are variants of the enzymes that help the body get rid of cancer-causing chemicals. The enzymes are called glutathione transferase, glucuronosyltransferases, quinone reductases, and epoxide hydrolases. Special compounds in broccoli raise the levels of these enzymes in the body. However, some glutathione transferase also cause the body to excrete the special compounds. People have different forms of the enzymes, and the various forms may influence their risk for polyps. By studying the various forms of the enzymes in people with and without polyps, we may be able to figure out more precisely how broccoli protects people from cancer. We may also discover better ways to prevent cancer. The project will use subjects (1,000 cases and 1,000 controls) who are part of an ongoing study titled, "A sigmoidoscopy-based case-control study of polyps.' Subjects have been recruited from two sigmoidoscopy screening clinics at Kaiser Permanente Medical Centers in Los Angeles. Cases were asymptomatic with a first-time diagnosis of at least one colorectal adenoma. Controls were selected from subjects who were free of polyps. Data were collected from a self-administered dietary questionnaire, an in-person interview of non-dietary risk factors, a fasting blood sample, and pathology reports. The project will characterize, in all subjects, polymorphic genes for GSTM1, GSTM3, GSTT1, GSTP1, NQO1, EPHX1, UGTL *1, UGTL *6, and UGTL *02. Most of these genes have received no attention from epidemiologists, because large molecular studies have not been attempted. PCR assays, heteroduplex analysis, DNA sequencing, and gene expression assays will be used to molecularly characterize the genes. Completion of the molecular analyses will provide information on the mechanism of protection due to broccoli. Prevention of colon cancer could be improved.