Development of a Recycling Process for Laminated Packaging

回收方法的商业案例主要取决于原材料（废物，包括运输和能源）的价格以及由此产生的产品的价格。这些都是全球性的商品，价格在短时间内可能会有很大的变化。尽管从之前的EEDA项目中获得了经验，但申请人没有提出可能说服人们购买这些机器的流程的概要商业案例，他们更愿意通过在生产商所在地拥有和运营这些工厂来将风险内部化。该公司认为，这部分市场每年价值3000万英镑，而Enval公司可以从中截取1000万英镑，但没有说明需要多少工厂，也没有说明它们的成本是多少。因此，尽管经济上看起来有利，但这种情况尚未得到充分证明。竞争情况是复杂的，在应用程序中处理得很简单。有几种方法可以回收类似的材料，例如砖型饮料盒，与本作品中使用的层压板不同，它含有大量的纸张（70%）。传统的工厂提取和回收纸张，大部分填埋或焚烧铝和塑料的残留物（目前尚不清楚这是否是层压板）。然而，一些工厂将残留物制成结构材料，德国的一家工厂将部分（全部？）残渣卖给水泥行业，用作将铝浸出到水泥中的燃料。巴西的一家Tetra-Pak合资企业使用等离子体处理造纸残留物，以回收能源、铝和石蜡，尽管会留下一些需要处理的物质。然而，Enval工艺已被证明适用于处理完整的塑料铝层压板，例如用于牙膏管的层压板，这种层压板不含大量纸张。Enval有一个明确的市场进入策略——首先为塑料铝层压板生产商提供现场服务，在生产商的工厂回收边角料或废弃层压板。这有削减运输成本的优势，例如可能适用于消费后的废物。有人认为，这种规模的工厂虽然适合于Enval，但太小，无法支持等离子体处理操作。综上所述，有一个基于回收废旧饮料纸盒的现有市场，这会产生塑料和铝残留物；该公司有一个通过特定利基市场进入的智能计划——在工厂回收废弃的层压板；该项目提供的资料更能证明其商业模式的可行性；而总体而言，市场受到全球大宗商品价格变幻莫测的影响。

The business case for a recycling method depends crucially on prices of raw materials (the waste, including transport, and energy) and the prices that can be obtained for the resulting products. These are global commodities and prices can vary markedly over a short period of time. Despite the experience gained with the previous EEDA project, the applicants do not present an outline business case for the process that might persuade people to buy the machines, preferring to internalise the risk by owning and running the plants at producers' sites. The company believes this segment of the market is worth £30m p.a. and that Enval can intercept £10m of this, but does not state how many plants will be needed nor how much they will cost. So although the economics look favourable, the case has not been fully demonstrated.The competitive situation is complex and dealt with very briefly in the application. There are several approches to the recycling of similar materials namely brick-type drinks cartons, which unlike the laminates to be used in this work contain significant amounts (70%) of paper. Conventional mills extract and recycle the paper content, and most landfill or incinerate the residue of aluminium and plastic (it is not clear if this is a laminate or not). However some make the residue into a structural material, and one in Germany sells some (all?) of it to the cement industry for use as a fuel that leaches aluminium into the cement. A Tetra-Pak joint venture in Brasil uses plasma treatment of the residue from paper extraction to get back energy, aluminium and paraffin, albeit leaving some material for disposal. However the Enval process has been shown to be suitable for treating intact plastic-aluminium laminate such as is used for toothpaste tubes, which does not contain significant amounts of paper.Enval has a clear market entry strategy - to start by offering plastic-aluminium laminate producers an on-site service recycling off-cuts or waste laminate at the producer's factory. This has the advantage of cutting transport costs such as might apply to post-consumer waste, and it is argued this scale of plant, whilst appropriate for Enval, is too small to support a plasma treatment operation.In summary, there is an existing market based on recycling used drinks cartons which gives rise to plastic and aluminium residue; the company has an intelligent plan for entering via a specific niche - recycling waste laminate at the factory; the viability of its business model should be better demonstrated with information from this project; whilst overall the market is subject to the vagaries of global commodity prices.