Second Life SaaS (Storage as a Service); the resource efficient, mass-market home energy storage solution

政府承诺到2050年实现温室气体净零排放，但已经偏离了实现2020年可再生电力目标(CCC)的轨道，即家庭占排放的40%。与此同时，随着我们将交通和供暖电气化，家庭和企业面临的能源账单不断增加，到2050年，成本将达到400亿GB，而灵活的能源资产无法缓解这一成本。可再生能源(RE)受到限制，因为僵化的电网无法处理可变的供应，以及在新冠肺炎期间因供应过剩而引入的代价高昂的新削减措施(GB 500M)。最后，伯明翰大学、IET和IEA的数据计算出，到2040年，全球将有3000至6000万吨废旧电动汽车电池，这在美国、欧盟和澳大利亚等地区令人震惊，这些地区目前的典型回收利用率为5%。这些因素为家用电池储能系统(BESS)的采用创造了强大的驱动力：i)通过储存太阳能和低成本电力来减少企业和家庭的能源账单；ii)支持电网，提供额外的收入和系统节省；iii)利用二手电动汽车电池和无/负成本。然而，现有的BESS的回收期约为7年，资本支出高达5,000 GB至7,000 GB，电池寿命/更换是一个关键的成本问题。Powervault对其历史上没有收购贝丝的潜在客户进行了调查：55%的人反对成本，另有24%的人反对保修终身回报。反过来，与提供激励措施的国际市场(德国、日本、澳大利亚、美国)相比，英国的吸纳量一直较低。为了满足这一需求，Powervault计划开发一种使用第二代电动汽车电池(SLBESS)的创新大众市场Bess解决方案，并利用关闭资源循环的机会。该项目构成了技术和商业模式创新，从第一天起就为客户提供了一个现金流为正的系统，因为i)没有前期成本，ii)延长了电池寿命和保修期限iii)整合了电网服务以产生收入。这一创新解决了关键的竞争主题：能源、商业和工业的脱碳。零前期成本SLBESS解决方案提供了一条通向大众市场住宅能源灵活性的途径，这是实现至少成本脱碳的关键(BEIS、Element Energy、帝国理工学院)。这些创新涉及的其他主题包括提高我们家庭和其他建筑的能效(通过帮助家庭在更高效的时间输入电力，因为他们转向电热和运输)，以及加快向低碳交通的转变(通过减少电网限制和电动汽车制造商的回收成本，降低价格)。

The Government has committed to Net Zero GHG emissions by 2050, but is already off-track to meet its 2020 renewable electricity target(CCC), whereby households account for 40% of emissions. In tandem, households and businesses face increasing energy bills as we electrify transport and heat, with costs of £40bn by 2050 where unmitigated with flexible energy assets. Renewable energy(RE) is constrained by with an inflexible grid unable to handle variable supply, with costly new curtailment measures (£500m) introduced from over-supply during Covid-19\. Finally, figures from Birmingham University, IET and IEA calculate that there will be 30-60m tonnes of waste EV batteries globally by 2040; alarming in regions such as the US, EU and Australia where typical recycling rates are presently 5%. These factors create strong drivers for adoption of domestic Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) that i)reduce business and household energy bills by storing solar and low cost electricity ii)support the grid providing extra revenues and system savings iii)utilise second-hand EV batteries and no/negative cost. However, existing BESS have payback periods of ~7yrs, high CAPEX ~£5,000-£7,000, and with battery lifespan/replacement being a key cost concern. Powervault has surveyed its historic pipeline of leads who did not buy BESS: 55% objected on cost, and a further 24% on warrantied-lifetime payback. In turn, uptake in the UK has been low compared to international markets where incentives are available(Germany, Japan, Australia, USA). To meet this need Powervault plans to develop an innovative mass-market BESS solution using second-life EV batteries(SLBESS) and capitalise on closing a resource loop. This project constitutes technical and business model innovation, providing a system that is cashflow positive for customers from day 1 due to i)no upfront cost ii)improved battery lifespan and warranty duration iii)integration of grid services to generate revenue. This innovation addresses the key competition theme: decarbonising energy, business and industry. A zero upfront cost SLBESS solution provides a pathway to mass-market residential energy flexibility, which is critically needed for decarbonising at least cost (BEIS, Element Energy, Imperial College). Other themes the innovation addresses are improving the energy efficiency of our homes and other buildings (by helping homes import electricity at more efficient times as they switch to electric heat and transport) and accelerating the shift to low carbon transport (by reducing grid constraints and recycling costs for EV manufacturers, lowering price).