Active Travel Explorer

公共预防经济、社会和环境效益与安全的主动旅行有关，欧盟的外部效益计算为骑自行车每公里0.18欧元，步行每公里0.37欧元（驾驶成本0.11欧元/公里）-https：//www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921800918308097。最近有关关闭街道的报道证明了这一点，这些报道反映了不同利益相关者群体相互矛盾的经历（https：www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/nov/01/car-free-neighbourhoods-the-unlikely-new-frontline-in-the-culture-wars? CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other）。同一类型的干预并不适用于所有地方，要了解什么最有可能起作用，需要了解问题的原因（不仅仅是症状）以及谁住在那里。这是一个多尺度、多系统的问题，如果大尺度的条件不能使步行或骑自行车变得方便，那么关闭街道、改善公共领域、提供街道照明、自行车道或人行横道都不会改善情况。但也必须考虑到同一时间在同一条街道上的其他使用者和使用者。这对于那些非常年轻或年老、不太自信或身体健全、不太可能对法定咨询流程做出回应的用户群体尤为重要。解决方案需要跨越传统的学科和部门孤岛。帮助规划干预措施的工具是存在的，但在这些筒仓内而不是在它们之间发挥作用，并侧重于症状，而不是原因。大街上有行人、骑自行车的人、学校、房屋和商店，但被归类为主要道路，而且往往有更多的交通路线通往它们。空间分析提出了一个用户友好的、基于网络的工具，以支持非专业用户。它将解释核心城市系统（街道，土地使用，公共交通）如何相互作用，使步行和骑自行车成为可能。它描述了一个城市的街道，以解释哪些用户，用途和运动模式在同一时间在同一空间，并确定它是（不）可能积极旅行。它们与普查数据相一致，从而能够确定和考虑弱势社区。基础IUM已经为英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰制作，Active Travel Explorer工具面向地方当局规划人员、交通规划人员和公共卫生专家。它将被设计成与他们的工作流程相结合，而不是覆盖现有的数据集，将侧重于回答一系列设计问题，以确定优先领域，然后定制具体的干预措施。这将使更好的干预措施得以实施，为政府政策和社会带来更广泛的利益。

Public descriptionEconomic, social and environmental benefits are associated with safe active travel, with external benefits in the EU calculated at €0.18/km for cycling and €0.37/km for walking (driving costs €0.11/km) - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921800918308097.However, delivering successful interventions is complicated. This is evidenced by recent coverage of street closures that present the conflicting experiences of different stakeholder groups (https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/nov/01/car-free-neighbourhoods-the-unlikely-new-frontline-in-the-culture-wars?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other).The same type of intervention does not work everywhere, and to understand what is most likely to work requires understanding of the cause of the problem (not just the symptoms), and who lives there. It is a multi-scale, multi-system problem, and if the larger-scale conditions do not make walking or cycling convenient, closing streets, improving public realm, providing street lighting, cycle-lanes or pedestrian crossings will not improve things.A holistic approach is needed to refine interventions based not just on what works for cyclists or pedestrians, but which must also consider the other users and uses who are in the same street, at the same time. This is especially important for user groups who are very young or old, less confident or able-bodied, and less likely to respond to statutory consultation processes.Solutions require working across traditional disciplinary and departmental silos. Tools to help plan interventions exist but work within these silos instead of across them, and focus on symptoms, not causes. High streets contain pedestrians, cyclists, schools, houses and shops, but are classified as main roads, and often have more traffic routed to them.Space Syntax proposes a user-friendly, web-based tool, to support non-specialist users. It will explain how core urban systems (streets, land use, public transport) interact to make walking and cycling possible. It characterises the streets in a city to explain which users, uses and modes of movement are in the same space at the same time, and identifies where it is (im)possible to travel actively. They are compatible with census data enabling vulnerable communities to be identified and considered. The underlying IUM has already been produced for England, Wales and Scotland.The Active Travel Explorer tool is targeted at local authority planners, transport planners and public health specialists. It will be designed to integrate with their workflows, and instead of overlaying existing datasets, will focus on answering a sequence of design questions to identify priority areas, then tailor specific interventions. This will enable better interventions to be implemented, delivering government policy and wider benefits to society.