Tool to assess air quality impacts of elevated roads within the Strategic Road Network

英格兰高速公路正在努力发展战略公路网(SRN)，以最大限度地减少对邻近社区的空气污染影响。ADMS-Roads空气质量模拟软件工具是实现这一目标的关键，因为它用于评估SRN资本投资计划和缓解措施对空气质量的影响。更好的评估将使Highways England能够更有效地设计和规划其在空气质量方面的发展，从而降低邻近社区经历的空气污染浓度。Highways England分包商使用ADMS-Roads计算污染物(如二氧化氮和颗粒物)的空气污染物浓度水平，这些污染物是由SRN上车辆排放的有毒气体扩散而产生的，考虑到道路和建筑几何形状、气象条件、交通流量以及因交通管理、速度控制、使用超低排放车辆和模式转换等缓解措施而产生的排放变化。该模型在高空间(几米)和时间(小时)分辨率下计算空气质量，从而可以计算人口接触。在这些评估中，ADMS-Roads通常用于评估一系列污染缓解方案的有效性，为选择成本效益高的实施措施提供信息。这一决策的更好证据将导致SRN附近的空气污染物浓度降低。在城市地区，居民最容易受到SRN的污染，那里的道路几何形状通常包括复杂的特征，以改善路口的交通流量，如立交桥和地下通道。因此，迫切需要了解这些道路特征对邻近社区的详细当地空气质量影响，但目前即使是最先进的模型，如ADMS-Roads，在模拟高架路段方面也存在局限性。在这个项目中，CERC的一个空气质量专家团队将解决这些限制。CERC是一家英国中小企业，在过去20年里创造和开发了ADMS-Roads。该团队将进行研究和开发，以发布一种专门用于预测高架路段空气质量影响的工具。ADMS-Roads及其姊妹模型ADMS-Urban在英国有100多个用户，因此该项目产生的任何模型开发都将使整个社区在城市地区制定空气质量缓解措施时受益，包括英格兰高速公路和当地政府规划者。

Highways England is working towards developing the Strategic Road Network (SRN) to have minimal air pollution impact on neighbouring communities. The ADMS-Roads air quality modelling software tool is key to this goal because it is used to assess the air quality impact of SRN capital investment schemes and mitigation measures. Better assessments will enable Highways England to design and plan its developments more effectively with regard to air quality, leading to reductions in air pollution concentrations experienced by neighbouring communities.Highways England sub-contractors use ADMS-Roads to calculate air pollutant concentration levels of pollutants such as nitrogen dioxide and particulates, which arise from the dispersion of toxic emissions from vehicles on the SRN, taking into account road and building geometry, meteorological conditions, traffic flows and changes to emissions due to mitigation measures such as traffic management, speed control, use of ultra-low-emission vehicles and modal shift. The model calculates air quality at high spatial (a few metres) and temporal (hourly) resolution, allowing calculation of population exposure. In these assessments ADMS-Roads is typically used to assess the effectiveness of a range of pollution mitigation scenarios, informing a selection of cost-effective measures for implementation. Better evidence for this decision making will lead to the reduction of air pollutant concentrations in the vicinity of the SRN.Populations are most exposed to pollution from the SRN in urban areas where the road geometry often includes complex features to improve traffic flow at junctions, such as flyovers and underpasses. There is therefore an urgent need to understand the detailed local air quality impacts of these road features on neighbouring communities, but currently even state-of-the-art models such as ADMS-Roads have limitations with regard to modelling elevated sections of road. In this project, a team of expert air quality scientists at CERC, the UK SME which has created and developed ADMS-Roads over the last 20 years, will address these limitations. The team will undertake research and development leading to the release of a tool specifically designed to predict the air quality impact of elevated road sections. There are over 100 UK users of ADMS-Roads, and its sister model ADMS-Urban, so any model developments resulting from this project will benefit the whole community developing air quality mitigation measures in urban areas, including Highways England and local authority planners.