The 'Circumnavigation' (Periplous) of Pseudo-Skylax: student and scholarly editions (with revised Greek text, translation, and historical commentary)

《环游世界》(Periplous)被认为是一部约9000字的希腊散文作品《卡扬达的天空松弛》(Skylax Of Karyanda)，保存在一份腐朽的13世纪手稿中。它描述了地中海、黑海和非洲西北部的海岸，以及关于人民、城市、河流、岛屿、航行距离和时代的简短信息，以及一些民族志描述。尽管从希罗多多人那里得知，Skylax是一位生活在公元前500年左右的探险家，但环球航行不可能是他的，因为它反复提到只有在5世纪和4世纪后期才是这样的东西。虽然它以前被视为导航手册，但现在被大多数学者视为以图书馆为基础的作品，借鉴了书面资料。基于最近关于希腊地理的学术研究，我认为这是一篇研究论文，创作于4世纪雅典激烈的智力活动时期。《环游》是现存的最古老的完全致力于地理的希腊著作，也是我们从古典时期拥有的为数不多的技术论文之一。是的，自从卡尔·缪勒(1855)的那本书以来，就再也没有完整版了。迫切需要一个新的评论。我的研究将重新审视这部作品的初衷。它将特别侧重于重建手稿的方法(在这一问题上，早期编辑有时过于干预)，并将利用早期编辑无法获得的地理和考古证据，以确定文本中提到的地方，并提供腐败段落的新修复。尽管其简明扼要，但文本中有一些统一的、甚至是文学的特征值得强调。它并不像人们有时认为的那样是一种幼稚的汇编。它与古希腊地理学的发展密切相关。另一个重要的背景是希腊殖民，它提供了伪天松主义文本设定的大部分框架；最近我们对这一过程的理解发生了变化，这将为这部作品提供信息。我从2006-2007年开始深入研究。“学生版”的研究工作已接近完成，将在2010年1月机构休假结束前交付出版。这一版本包括简短的介绍，修改后的希腊语文本，翻译(第一次用英语出版)，和简短的历史评论。在AHRC休假期间，这部作品将被扩展并作为由Hans-Joachim Gehrke(柏林)领导的国际项目《Fragmente der Griechischen History‘V》的一部分提交。FGrHist V是雅各比的希腊历史文本残缺不全(1923-1958)的不朽语料库在地理上的延续，将是建立在我们对希腊地理学家理解的最新进展的主要研究工具。这一扩展版本将包括证言和片段、环游正文、翻译、全文装置、评论导言和历史评论本身。与bpp版相比，导言和评论的篇幅要长得多，这将使我们有空间讨论文本问题以及文本的文学和叙事特征，并将环游更充分地置于其他希腊地理学家的背景下。

The Circumnavigation (Periplous) attributed to Skylax of Karyanda, a Greek prose work of c.9,000 words, survives in a corrupt 13th-century manuscript. It describes the coasts of the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and NW Africa together with laconic information about peoples, cities, rivers, islands, sailing distances and times, and some ethnographic description. Though Skylax is known from Herodotos as an explorer who lived c.500 BC, the Circumnavigation cannot be by him as it repeatedly refers to things that were the case only in the later 5th and 4th centuries. Though it was formerly seen as a navigational manual, it is now regarded by most scholars as a library-based work drawing on written sources. Building on recent scholarship on Greek geography, I argue that it is a research treatise made at a time of intense intellectual activity in 4th-century Athens.The Circumnavigation is the oldest surviving Greek work devoted entirely to geography, and one of few technical treatises we have from the Classical period. Yes there has been no full edition since that of Karl Müller (1855). A new commentary is urgently needed.My research will re-examine the issue of the work's original purposes. It will specifically focus on the methodology of reconstructing the manuscript (in this matter, earlier editors have sometimes been too interventionist), and will exploit geographical and archaeological evidence not available to earlier editors in order to identify places named in the text and offer new restorations of corrupt passages. Despite its terse nature, there are unifying, even literary features of the text that deserve to be highlighted. It is not a naive compilation as is sometimes thought. It relates closely to the development of Classical Greek geography. Another important context is that of Greek colonization, which provides much of the frame in which Pseudo-Skylax's text is set; recent changes in how we understand of this process will inform the work.I began intensive research in 2006-7. Research for a 'student edition' is almost complete, and this will be delivered for publication by the end of institutional leave in January 2010. This edition comprises a short introduction, the revised Greek text, translation (the first to be published in English), and short historical commentary.During AHRC leave, the work will be expanded and submitted as part of 'Fragmente der griechischen Historiker' V, an international project led by Hans-Joachim Gehrke (Berlin). FGrHist V is the geographical continuation of Jacoby's monumental corpus of fragmentary Greek historical texts (1923-58), and will be a major research tool building on recent advances in our understanding of Greek geographers. This expanded version will contain testimonia and fragments, the main text of the Circumnavigation, translations, full textual apparatus, introduction to the Commentary, and the historical commentary itself. The much longer introduction and commentary than in the BPP edition will allow room to discuss textual problems and literary and narrative features of the text, and to set the Circumnavigation more fully in the context of other Greek geographers.