COUPLES FERTILITY PREFERENCES AND CONTRACEPTIVE USE

直到最近，计划生育方案和生育率调查才把重点放在妇女身上。 自1994年国际人口与发展会议以来，人们越来越关注男性在计划生育中的作用。 然而，计划生育方案和分别针对男性或女性的研究并不理想，因为从先前在选定地点进行的研究中得知，丈夫和妻子的生育愿望都会影响避孕措施的使用和怀孕的可能性。 拟议的研究更进一步，使用来自三大洲的夫妇数据，以提高我们对计划生育和生育意图的理解。该项目的目标是利用1990年代在发展中国家进行的17次人口与健康调查中访谈的一夫一妻制夫妇的数据，分析丈夫和妻子对计划生育和生育偏好问题的配对回答以及配偶双方对其伴侣态度的看法。 将于1998年完成的六项调查也将包括在内。 主要目标是：（a）对丈夫和妻子在目前使用避孕药具、想要更多孩子、批准计划生育以及配偶对这些问题的看法等方面的一致或不一致意见进行描述性分析，B）确定夫妇未得到满足的计划生育需要，并比较已婚妇女、男子和夫妇未得到满足的需要的水平和决定因素，以及c）确定丈夫和妻子对生育意愿问题的一致/不一致回答以及其他夫妇特征对当前避孕药具使用的影响。 将使用这些调查中收集的传统人口和社会经济协变量和多项逻辑回归技术，评估协议、正确看法、未满足的需求和避孕药具使用的决定因素。 如图所示，将对聚类、选择效应和内禀性进行调整。 对于各种各样的设置，这项研究将提供第一个国际比较检查的夫妇使用标准化的问题，访谈程序和统计技术。

Until recently family planning programs and fertility surveys focused on women. Since the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development, there has been a growing interest in the role of males in family planning. However, family planning programs and research directed either toward men or women separately are less than optimal because it is known from previous research at selected sites that both husband's and wife's fertility desires affect the use of contraception and the probability of pregnancy. The proposed research goes a step further by using couple-based data from three continents to enhance our understanding of family planning and fertility intentions. The objective of this project is to analyze husbands' and wives' paired responses to questions on family planning and fertility preferences and each spouse's perceptions of her/his partner's attitudes using data from monogamous couples interviewed in 17 Demographic and Health Surveys in developing nations during the 1990s. Six surveys to be completed in 1998 will also be included. The major aims are to: a) conduct descriptive analyses of husbands' and wives' agreement or disagreement on current use of contraception, desires for more children, approval of family planning and spousal perceptions of these, b) define unmet need for family planning for couples and compare levels and determinants of married women's, men's and couple's unmet need, and c) determine the effects of husband and wife concordant/discordant responses to questions on fertility desires, and other couple characteristics on current contraceptive use. Determinants of agreement, correct perceptions, unmet need and contraceptive use will be assessed using traditional demographic and socio-economic covariates collected in these surveys and multinomial logistic regression techniques. Adjustments for clustering, selection effects and endogeneity will be made as indicated. For a wide variety of settings this study will provide the first international comparative examination of couples using standardized questions, interview procedures and statistical techniques.