Johann Buxtorf 1 (1564-1629): A late Renaissance Student of Judaism

这个项目将对伟大的基督教希伯来主义者，老约翰·巴克托夫(1564-1629)的工作方法进行第一次全面的研究，他是巴塞尔希伯来语教授，也是第一个基督徒对犹太人生活和仪式进行系统研究的作者。巴克托夫是一位多产的学者，他的希伯来语词典和语法在他去世后几个世纪都被重印。我们的研究将通过试图发现他是如何掌握希伯来语、阿拉姆语和意第绪语以及广泛的犹太文本；他如何从记者网络获得关于犹太和其他主题的犹太书籍和信息；以及他对当代犹太人的极端消极态度是否在他的生活过程中波动，从而对巴克托夫产生新的评价。为了获得这些知识，我们将集中研究巴克托夫幸存的抄写本(巴塞尔大学图书馆AXII 20)，这本书揭示了他从文本中提取文本的方法、与犹太线人对话的笔记以及他在挖掘犹太传统的外来文本方面的非凡专长。通过分析该抄写本与其他幸存的材料，以及他自己图书馆的注释书籍(其中许多在巴塞尔)，并将这些与他的印刷作品进行比较，我们希望能更好地理解早期现代欧洲文化史上的一个重要人物。通过这样做，这项研究还应该有助于阐明对希伯来主义在早期现代欧洲的性质的重述和重新定义。

This project will provide the first comprehensive study of the working methods of the great Christian Hebraist, Johann Buxtorf the elder (1564-1629), professor of Hebrew at Basel and author of the first systematic study of Jewish life and ritual by a Christian. Buxtorf was a prolific scholar whose dictionaries and grammars of the Hebrew language were reprinted for centuries after his death. Our study will produce a fresh appraisal of Buxtorf by attempting to discover how he arrived at his mastery of Hebrew, Aramaic and Yiddish as well as of a vast range of Jewish texts; how he obtained Jewish books and information about Jewish and other topics from a network of correspondents; and whether his extremely negative attitudes towards contemporary Jews fluctuated in the course of his life. In order to obtain this knowledge we will concentrate our research on Buxtorf's surviving copybook (Basel University Library AXII 20) which reveals precious information about his method of extracting from texts, notes on conversations with Jewish informants and his extraordinary expertise in delving into the alien texts of Jewish tradition.By analysing the copybook with other surviving materials such as letters, and the annotated books of his own library (many of which are in Basel) and comparing these with his printed works we hope to reach a better understanding of a major figure in the cultural history of early modern Europe. In doing so, the study should also help articulate a restatement and redefinition of the nature of Hebraism in early modern Europe.