Shakespeare's global communities: a research review of the 2012 World Shakespeare Festival

“莎士比亚的全球社区”以2012年世界莎士比亚节（WSF）为核心案例研究，考察了莎士比亚在全球戏剧和文学文化中目前所扮演的角色。世界戏剧节由皇家莎士比亚剧团（RSC）制作，由莎士比亚环球剧院和大英博物馆等主要机构合作伙伴开发，并通过与2012年文化奥林匹克相关的公共和私人倡议提供资金。世界戏剧节宣布自己是“对世界剧作家莎士比亚的庆祝”，汇集了来自全球50多个艺术组织的作品（http://www.worldshakespearefestival.org.uk/）。“莎士比亚的全球社区”旨在记录和批判性地评估将成为世界文学论坛一部分的创造性表演和公共倡议，质疑这些活动影响甚至重塑当前对莎士比亚作为共同文化试金石的理解的方式。虽然其他学术项目试图分析不同文化解释莎士比亚的方式，但观众接受和跨文化表演的解释问题却很少受到关注。“莎士比亚的全球社区”将通过分析世界文学论坛上出现的更广泛的对话，分析不同群体的表演者、译者、读者和观众的观点如何塑造莎士比亚对当今跨文化社区的重要性和价值，来纠正这种平衡。为了实现这些目标，“莎士比亚的全球社区”包括三个部分。首先，它包括对跨文化莎士比亚现有工作的研究回顾，特别关注“全球文化”和“社区参与”的概念如何在文化奥林匹克的话语中被框定，以及莎士比亚如何融入这一图景。审查的一个重要重点将是新的通信技术如何影响与莎士比亚有关的不同全球社区的创建。该项目的第二部分将以此为重点，与莎士比亚出生地信托基金会（SBT） （http://www.shakespeare.org.uk/home.html）和Misfit， Inc. （http://misfit-inc.com/）合作创建一个新的在线平台，允许各种社区利益相关者（包括戏剧从业者、学者、观众和文化机构代表）发布对WSF演出的评论和反应。该平台生成的主要原始材料将成为世界科学论坛永久档案的一部分，该档案将由SBT托管，它还将为范围界定研究的方向提供信息，以建议进一步研究的领域。第三，该项目将包括两个为期一天的研讨会，其中核心协作团队的成员将亲自会面讨论WSF的表现。由于倡议的规模和范围，有必要组建一个由16名研究人员组成的网络团队来参加WSF的表演，在这些表演的在线平台上发布“挑衅”，并促进将发生的更广泛的对话。在研讨会上，小组成员将分享来自世界社会论坛不同部门的发现和思考，正在进行的工作的音频播客将与中央在线平台相连，以便继续为辩论提供信息。“莎士比亚的全球社区”的最终结果将是全面回顾学术工作在莎士比亚作为全球社区建设催化剂的问题上的现状，特别是在数字时代，以及从世界社会论坛的独特活动中收集的主要材料如何进一步加深我们对这些社区的不同成员如何理解公共部门社区参与的价值的理解。

'Shakespeare's global communities' examines the current role Shakespeare plays in global theatrical and literary culture, taking the 2012 World Shakespeare Festival (WSF) as a core case study. Produced by the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), developed by major institutional partners such as Shakespeare's Globe and the British Museum, and funded through public and private initiatives related to the 2012 Cultural Olympiad, the WSF announces itself as 'a celebration of Shakespeare as the world's playwright' and brings together work from over 50 arts organizations from across the globe (http://www.worldshakespearefestival.org.uk/). 'Shakespeare's global communities' intends to both document and critically evaluate the creative performances and public initiatives that will be part of the WSF, questioning the way in which these activities influence or even reshape current understandings of Shakespeare as a shared cultural touchstone. While other academic projects have sought to analyse the ways in which different cultures interpret Shakespeare, the question of audience reception and interpretation of intercultural performances has received less attention. 'Shakespeare's global communities' will redress this balance by analysing the wider conversation that emerges from the WSF, analysing how the viewpoints of different communities of performers, translators, readers, and audience members all shape the significance and value Shakespeare holds for intercultural communities today.In order to achieve these ends, 'Shakespeare's global communities' includes three parts. First, it includes a research review of existing work on intercultural Shakespeare, paying particular attention to how the ideas of 'global culture' and 'community engagement' are being framed within the discourse of the Cultural Olympiad and the way in which Shakespeare fits into this picture. An important focus of the review will be on the ways in which new communications technologies have influenced the creation of different global communities related to Shakespeare.The second part of the project will build on this emphasis, creating a new online platform in partnership with The Shakespeare Birthplace Trust (SBT) (http://www.shakespeare.org.uk/home.html) and Misfit, Inc. (http://misfit-inc.com/) that will allow for reviews of and reactions to WSF performances to be posted by a variety of community stakeholders, including theatre practitioners, academics, audience members, and representatives of cultural institutions. The primary source material generated from the platform will form part of the permanent archive of the WSF that will be hosted by The SBT, and it will also inform the directions the scoping study takes in suggesting areas for further research. Thirdly, the project will include two one-day workshops in which members of the core collaborative team will meet in person to discuss WSF performances. Because of the size and scope of the initiatives it is necessary to assemble a networked team of 16 researchers to attend WSF performances, post 'provocations' on the online platform for these performances, and facilitate the broader conversations that will take place. At the workshops members of the team will share findings and reflections from different parts of the WSF, and audio podcasts of this work in progress will be linked to the central online platform so as to continue informing the debate.The end result of 'Shakespeare's global communities' will be a thorough review of where academic work is now on the question of Shakespeare as catalyst for global community building, particularly in a digital age, as well as the way in which the primary material collected from the unique event of the WSF furthers our understanding of how different members of such communities understand the value of public-sector community engagement.