Debating, Performing & Curating Symbolic Reparations and Transformative Gender Justice in post conflict Societies. (HN)

解决冲突中的性暴力问题以及在建设和平中强调妇女的问题是一种全球势头。安理会第1325号决议等联合国决议和准则敦促各国政府和和平缔造者将妇女纳入和平与重建进程，并解决性别伤害问题，目前预计过渡时期司法和赔偿方案将纳入性别观点。在这些进程中，人们越来越重视纪念活动，并将艺术作为和解和象征性赔偿的工具。然而，无论是在全球治理中，还是在过渡时期司法进程中，都有一种趋势，即减少性别对性暴力的危害，减少性别对妇女的伤害。这阻止了对修复、正义和社会变革的更具变革性的性别视角。因此，我们认为，迫切需要对冲突和冲突后象征性赔偿的性别性质以及变革性的性别正义有更复杂和更具女权主义色彩的理解。该项目基于申请者进行的研究得出的以下假设：战时暴力和暴行的具体表现往往与现有的不平等和不公正相一致，基于性别的暴力，特别是强奸，是伪造和复制这种不平等的工具。这不仅是一种战时战略，而且是在战时战略之前和之后继续下去的。目前在政策和法律中对性暴力的高调关注并没有对减轻或结束冲突或和平中的性暴力起到多大作用。象征性赔偿，或作为关键干预的艺术，可能会质疑和动摇已知的等级制度。这可能是变革性性别正义的一个工具。艺术可能会扰乱和质疑正在进行的殖民主义遗产和持续存在的不平等，这些遗产没有得到承认或解决；没有被审问的男性气概的构建和表现，特别是在以前的殖民社会，可以而且应该以创新的文化方式受到质疑。目的和目标在一系列冲突后国家，特别是南非和秘鲁，开展、比较和分析纪念暴力时期的现有项目；提出关于国家纪念、象征性赔偿和变革性性别公正之间的关系的问题；审查和讨论南非、秘鲁和其他地区与冲突有关的性别伤害的象征性赔偿的现有表现。确定、辩论和比较性别公正的反叙述；审查保存“遗产”和处理过去在策展记忆方面的紧张关系；巩固一个由对纪念艺术和象征性赔偿的女权主义观点感兴趣的学者、艺术家和策展人组成的全球跨学科网络。该项目旨在通过组织三个活动和一个互动的网络存在或虚拟社区来实现上述目标，该网络将记录这些活动，并邀请进一步的思考和干预。活动一将是在伦敦举行的为期两天的学术研讨会，讨论女权主义对纪念、象征性赔偿和艺术的观点。讲习班将邀请国际学者对不同国家的案例研究进行思考。活动2在开普敦举行，将是为期两天的互动式讲习班/为期三天的访问，有艺术家、活动家和民间社会组织参加，以反映和展示艺术和表演如何有助于冲突后环境中的象征性赔偿和变革性的性别正义。活动3涉及秘鲁、哥伦比亚和南非之间的南南交流，邀请参与国家纪念项目的策展人到利马讨论在策划国家暴力历史时的敏感性和机会。预计影响将是高度和跨学科的。

There is a global momentum to address sexual violence in conflict, as well as an emphasis on women in peacebuilding. UN resolutions and guidelines such as SCR 1325 urge governments and peacemakers to include women in peace and reconstruction processes and address gendered harms, and transitional justice and reparation programmes are now expected to include a gender perspective. Within these processes, there is increasing attention for commemoration and the arts as tools for reconciliation and symbolic reparation. However, both in global governance as in transitional justice processes, there is a tendency to reduce gendered harms to sexual violence, and gender to women. This prevents a more transformative gendered perspective on repair, justice, and social change. Hence, we believe that there is an urgent need for a more complex and feminist understanding of the gendered nature of conflict and post-conflict symbolic reparation as well as transformative gender justice. This project rests on the following assumptions, drawn from research carried out by the applicants:The specific manifestations of wartime violence and atrocity tend to take place along lines of existing inequalities and injustices, and gender based violence, especially rape, is a tool to forge and reproduce such inequalities. This is not only a wartime strategy, but precedes it and continues afterwards. The current high-profile attention for sexual violence in policy and law have not done much to mitigate or end sexual violence in conflict or in peace.Symbolic reparation, or arts as critical intervention, can potentially question and unsettled known hierarchies. This might be a tool for transformative gender justice. Art may unsettle and question ongoing legacies of colonialism and persistent inequalities that have not been acknowledged or addressed;Constructions and performances of masculinities that have not been interrogated, particularly in previously colonised societies, can and should be questioned in innovative cultural ways. Aims and objectivesDebate, compare and analyse existing projects of commemorating periods of violence in a range of post-conflict countries, particularly South Africa and Peru;Raise questions regarding the relation between national commemoration, symbolic reparation, and transformative gender justice; Examine and discuss existing performances of symbolic reparations in relation to conflict related gendered harms in South Africa, Peru and beyond.Identify, debate and compare counter-narratives for gender justice;Examine the tension between preserving "heritage" and addressing abusive pasts in curating memory;Consolidate a global and interdisciplinary network of scholars, artists and curators interested in feminist perspectives on commemorative arts and symbolic reparation.The project aims to achieve above-mentioned objectives by organising three events plus an interactive web-presence, or Virtual Community, that will record the activities, and invite further reflection and intervention. Event 1 will be a two-day academic workshop held in London to debate feminist perspectives on commemoration, symbolic reparation, and the arts. The workshop will invite international scholars to reflect on different country case studies. Event 2, held in Cape Town, will be an interactive two-day workshop/three day visit involving artists, activists, and civil society organisations to reflect and demonstrate how art and performance can contribute to symbolic reparation and transformative gender justice in post-conflict settings. Event 3 involves a South-South exchange between Peru, Colombia and South Africa, where curators involved in national commemoration projects are invited to Lima to discuss sensitivities and opportunities when curating national histories of violence. The impact is expected to be high and cross disciplinary.