After disaster strikes and other stories: The political construction of Typhoon Pablo in insurgency affected communities in Mindanao

亚洲海啸(斯里兰卡和印度尼西亚)、印度河洪水(巴基斯坦)和非洲之角持续干旱等灾害越来越多地发生在受暴力和冲突影响的小岛屿发展中国家。然而，令人惊讶的是，对于生活在冲突中的人们在灾难发生后如何与国家、叛乱组织或军队互动，以及这种互动在他们的日常生活中是如何经历的，人们知之甚少。这项研究试图解决的问题是，气候灾难是如何在LMIC冲突中生活的社区中局部造成的？通过这样做，该项目将有助于了解在灾后恢复和恢复方面进行发展干预的复杂政治空间。该项目完全符合太平洋气候变化框架和全球气候变化框架的框架，将解决冲突和灾害研究方面的一个明显差距。它的发现将对旨在改善生活在低收入国家社区的福利的发展政策的设计产生重大影响。这一研究项目在其感兴趣的政治空间--灾难与冲突的交集--方面是独特和创新的。它所遵循的方法是创新和冒险的，将社会科学的学术和方法与艺术和人文方法结合起来。此外，通过与精通视觉方法的非学术合作伙伴合作，这项研究使我能够建立作为一名早期职业学者的能力，有兴趣开发一种跨学科的方法来研究LMIC中的灾难和冲突空间。基于对南苏里高省和棉兰老岛曼金达瑙省两个村庄(村庄)的实物和数字人种学研究，该项目将从政治上构建2012年摧毁菲律宾南部的台风巴勃罗。该地区一直面临共产主义新人民军(NPA)和伊斯兰教徒摩洛伊斯兰解放阵线(MILF)以及国家之间的旷日持久的武装叛乱。尽管政治地理学经常把灾难作为国家“软弱”的一种表现，这种软弱破坏了国家与公民之间的社会契约，让叛乱组织占领了这一空间，但我之前的研究表明，这种说法过于简单化了。它没有考虑到国家和公民关系在后殖民世界中被锻造、发明和重塑的复杂、随意和非正式的方式。为了探索这种复杂性，我的民族志田野工作还将包括20个来自社区成员的数字故事，他们受到台风巴勃罗的影响，一直生活在活跃的叛乱中。我将与总部设在棉兰老岛达沃市的当地合作伙伴Swito Corp合作，他们经营着一家令人兴奋的初创企业，使用数字讲故事作为接触当地社区的媒介，特别是在冲突解决和建设和平领域。此外，棉兰老岛的一个社区非政府组织，和平建设者社区公司(PBCI)，与基层网络将成为这一项目的合作者。这将是探索受冲突影响地区(如菲律宾)在当地建造灾难的首批研究项目之一。因此，它不仅是一项创新的工作，而且提供了一个背景和社会相关的框架，通过这个框架可以了解灾难和冲突的交集，而且可以用来设计棉兰老岛及其他地区的政策干预措施。此外，该项目还将是首批使用数字讲故事作为收集民族志数据的方法之一。因此，使受访者能够参与开发他们自己的数字故事板，并推动他们自己的叙事。在这方面的指导框架将由英国的专业公司LimTool Ltd提供，该公司在使用媒体和数字讲故事进行政策工作方面经验丰富，从而也提高了菲律宾合作伙伴的能力。

Disasters, such as the Asian tsunami (Sri Lanka & Indonesia), the Indus Floods (Pakistan) and on-going droughts in the Horn of Africa, have increasingly taken place in parts of LMICs affected by violence and conflict. Yet, surprisingly, very little is known about the way in which people living amidst conflict interact with the state, with insurgent groups or the military in the aftermath of the disaster and how this is experienced in their 'everyday' lives. The question this research seeks to address is how are climatic disasters locally constructed in communities living with conflict in LMICs? In so doing, this project will help understand the complex political space where development interventions in disaster recovery and rehabilitation take place. Fitting perfectly within the framework of the PaCCS and the GCRF this project project will address a tangible gap in conflict and disaster research. It's findings will have a significant impact in the design of development policy aimed at improving welfare of communities living in LMICs.This research project is unique and innovative in the political space that it is interested in studying - the intersection of disasters with conflict. The approach it follows is innovative and risky, drawing together social science scholarship and methods with arts and humanities methods. Additionally in working with non-academic partners proficient in visual methods, this research allows me to build capacity as an early career scholar, interested in developing an interdisciplinary approach to studying the disaster and conflict space in LMICs.Based on physical and digital ethnographic research in two barangays (villages), in Surigao del Sur and in Manguindanao provinces, in Mindanao this project will politically construct Typhoon Pablo that devastated the southern Philippines in 2012. This region has been facing a protracted armed insurgency between the communist New People's Army (NPA) and the Islamist, Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), and the state. Though political geography often discusses disasters as a manifestation of state "weakness" that fracture the social contracts between the states and their citizens, allowing insurgent groups to capture this space, my previous research shows such a narrative as being too simplistic. It fails to take into account the complex, haphazard and informal ways in which state-citizen relationships have been forged, invented and reinvented in the postcolonial world.To explore this complexity, my ethnographic fieldwork will also include twenty digital stories from community members who were affected by Typhoon Pablo and have been living amidst an active insurgency. I will be working with local partners Swito Corp based in Davao City Mindanao, who run an exciting start-up using digital storytelling as a medium of engaging local communities, particularly in areas of conflict resolution and peacebuilding. Additionally a community NGO in Mindanao, PeaceBuilders Community Incorporated (PBCI), with grassroots networks will be collaborators on this project. This will be one of the first research project exploring local construction of a disaster in a conflict-affected region in an LMIC, such as the Philippines. It is therefore not only an innovative piece of work but in providing a contextual and socially relevant framework through which to understand the disaster and conflict intersection, but can be used to design policy interventions in Mindanao and beyond. Additionally, this project will also be one of the first to use digital storytelling as a method of ethnographic data collection. Thereby, enabling participation of respondents in developing their own digital storyboards and driving their own narrative. A guiding framework in this regard will be provided by the specialist company Limetools Ltd in the UK, experienced in using media and digital storytelling for policy work thereby improving capability of Filipino partners as well.