None in Three(Ni3) - A Centre for the Development, Application, Research and Evaluation of Prosocial Games for the Prevention of Gender-based Violence

愿景--创建一个全球研究中心，致力于研究和严肃的游戏干预措施，旨在优先考虑女孩和妇女过无暴力生活的权利，并防止对最弱势群体的暴力(联合国可持续发展目标5；英国援助战略目标4)。我们将建立的跨学科、跨文化、跨大陆的研究和伙伴关系平台将产生一支来自四个官方发展援助名单国家和英国的社会科学家和游戏开发人员队伍，他们擅长开发前沿技术、先进的研究方法和政策制定，重点是改变基于性别的暴力的社会和文化驱动因素。这将被称为DARE中心：预防基于性别的暴力的亲社会游戏的开发、应用、研究和评估中心。国际妇女权利协定和关于基于性别的暴力的国内法律是朝着预防和消除性别暴力迈出的重要一步。然而，政策指令与实地发生的情况之间存在执行差距，除非人们理解为什么应该遵守法规，否则这些法规可能无效。此外，政策主导的方法对解决推动基于性别的暴力的根本文化态度和价值观几乎无济于事。因此，减少对妇女和女孩的暴力行为的关键是创新的教育和社会战略，这些战略认识到我们所生活的不断变化的世界，并在与基于性别的暴力有关的态度形成时对其提出挑战。以儿童和青年为目标似乎对改变社会和持久改变全世界妇女的状况至关重要。基于英国、中国、牙买加、巴基斯坦和乌干达(DARE国家)机构之间的独特伙伴关系，该中心将在哈德斯菲尔德大学现有的家庭暴力预防项目None in Three(www.non eintrie.org)的基础上再接再厉，扩大亲社会游戏在全球预防GBV的社会/文化影响。越来越多的研究证明，游戏技术的发展为GBV的实施创造了新的渠道。然而，鉴于新技术对年轻一代的吸引力，技术进步也可能被用于亲社会目的，以增强受害者的能力并促进反对暴力的行动。近年来，研究人员和教育工作者越来越意识到亲社会视频游戏的潜在好处。与其他媒体不同，视频游戏使用叙事和视听内容以及规范玩家行为的规则和目标来构建儿童体验。最近的一项元分析研究显示，玩亲社会电子游戏与积极的社会结果之间存在显著关联(Greitemyer&Mügge，2014)。暴力电子游戏反过来会导致人们对什么是攻击性的认知上的偏差，从而引发攻击性行为。重要的是，适当设计的亲社会电子游戏可以增强道德推理和培养同理心，这是单纯通过其他媒体呈现事实无法实现的。移情可减少攻击性，并导致亲社会行动，从而加强社会纽带和融合社会。DARE中心的指示性工作领域包括：中国--促进防止性虐待和防止贩运的文化；牙买加--挑战性商品化及其与对儿童的商业性剥削的关系，并促进男子和男孩的个人责任文化；巴基斯坦--改善与童婚和名誉杀人有关的儿童保护制度；乌干达--家庭暴力；禁止切割女性生殖器和童婚；以及联合王国--青少年关系中的人际暴力。这些活动都是为了防止基于性别的暴力，提高妇女和女童的地位。

VISION - To create a global research centre dedicated to research and serious gaming interventions designed to prioritise the rights of girls and women to live a life free from violence and to prevent violence against those most vulnerable (UN Sustainable Development Goal no. 5; UK Aid Strategy obj.4). The inter-disciplinary, cross-cultural, trans-continental research and partnership platform we will establish will result in a cadre of social scientists and game developers from four ODA-listed countries and the UK, skilled in the development of frontier technologies, advanced research methodologies and policy formulation focused on changing the social and cultural drivers of gender-based violence. This will be known as The DARE Centre: the Centre for the Development, Application, Research and Evaluation of Prosocial Games for the Prevention of Gender-based Violence. International women rights agreements and domestic laws on gender-based violence (GBV) constitute an important step towards its prevention and elimination. However, there is an implementation gap between policy directives and what happens on the ground and unless people understand why regulations should be observed, they can be ineffective. Furthermore policy-led approaches do little to address the underlying cultural attitudes and values that drive GBV. Therefore, key to reducing violence against women and girls are innovative educational and social strategies which recognize the changing world we live within and challenge GBV related attitudes while they are being formed. Targeting children and youths seems crucial for transforming societies and creating a lasting change to the situation of women worldwide. Based on a unique partnership between institutions in the UK, China, Jamaica, Pakistan and Uganda, (the DARE countries) the Centre will build on the University of Huddersfield's existing domestic violence prevention project 'None in Three' (www.noneinthree.org), to expand the social/cultural impact of prosocial games for the prevention of GBV globally. As evidenced by a growing body of research, the development of game technologies has created new outlets for the perpetration of GBV. However, given the appeal of novel technologies to younger generations, technological advancements may also be utilised for prosocial purposes to empower victims and catalyze action against violence. In recent years, researchers and educators have become increasingly aware of the potential benefits of prosocial video games. Unlike other media, video games scaffold children's experience using narrative and audio-visual content, as well as rules and objectives regulating players' behaviour. A recent meta-analytic study revealed a significant association between playing a prosocial video game and positive social outcomes (Greitemeyer & Mügge, 2014). Violent video games, in turn, lead to a bias in the perception of what counts as aggressive, which evokes aggressive behaviour. Importantly, appropriately designed prosocial video games can enhance moral reasoning and foster empathy in a way that the mere presentation of facts through other media outlets cannot accomplish. Empathy reduces aggression and leads to prosocial actions, which strengthen social bonds and integrates societies. Indicative areas of work for the DARE Centre include: China - promoting a culture of protection against sexual abuse and prevention of trafficking; Jamaica - challenging the commoditization of sex and its relationship to the commercial sexual exploitation of children and promoting a culture of personal accountability among men and boys; Pakistan-improving child protection systems in relation to child marriage and honour killings, Uganda-domestic violence, the prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation and child marriage and, the UK-interpersonal violence within adolescent relationships. These activities all seek to prevent gender based violence and elevate the status of women and girls.