REFLEX CONTROL MECHANISMS OF GASTROINTESTINAL SPHINCTERS

下食道括约肌(LES)和幽门在 控制来自胃的物质的转运。大量荷尔蒙， 多肽和神经递质已被证明对这些有影响 括约肌。控制括约肌的特定药剂和机制 体内的反射仍然没有明确的定义。肌电记录已经被使用 要在许多领域确定运动功能的机制，但仅限于 LES与幽门功能的肌电相关性研究 可用。这些研究将评估通过哪些机制 LES和幽门对内在反射作出反应。首先，我们将量化 括约肌功能的肌电相关性。特别是这些 研究将澄清尖峰放电在录音中的意义 时相性和强直性括约肌收缩。其次，要确定如何 这些括约肌的潜在肌电特性控制着进入 括约肌对刺激做出反应。第三，确定选址 启动括约肌反射控制的受体的特异性 语气。第四，确定具体的传递主体和途径 参与了这些反应。预计识别出的 调节括约肌功能的因素将导致 了解影响这些括约肌的疾病机制。

The lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and pylorus play important roles in controlling the transit of substances from the stomach. Numerous hormones, peptides and neurotransmitters have been shown to have an effect on these sphincters. The specific agents and mechanisms which control sphincter reflexes in vivo remain ill defined. Myoelectric recordings have been used to define the mechanisms of motor function in many areas but only limited studies on the myoelectric correlates of LES and pyloric function are available. These studies will evaluate the mechanisms through which the LES and pylorus respond to intrinsic reflexes. First, we will quantitate the myoelectric correlates of sphincter function. Specifically these studies will clarify the significance of spike discharges in the recording of phasic and tonic sphincteric contractions. Second, to determine how the underlying myoelectric properties of these sphincters control the way in which the sphincter responds to stimuli. Third, to determine the location and specificity of receptors that initiate the reflex control of spincter tone. Fourth, to determine the specific transmitter agents and pathways involved in these reflexes. It is anticipated that the identification of factors which act to regulate sphincter function will lead to an increased understanding of the disease mechanisms that effect these sphincters.