The People of 1381

《1381年的人民》将对1381年农民起义——英国历史上最具戏剧性的时刻之一——做出迄今为止最详细、最全面的解释。通过创建一个包含成千上万人和地方的综合数据库，该项目将首次对起义进行全面的概述。这将揭示起义的复杂经济和社会关系，并帮助我们理解暴力和叛乱在前现代政治中的作用。起义的记录提供了一个绝佳的机会来探索那些通常被隐藏的人的生活、愿望和挫折，这样我们就可以了解他们的政治动机以及他们看待政府和政治的方式。英国1381年的起义是中世纪后期欧洲政治动荡和起义的更广泛高潮的一部分。《1381年的人民》首次全面分析了中世纪欧洲起义的参与者，有助于更全面地理解中世纪后期欧洲叛乱的性质和意义。《1381年的人们》是一个方法论上的创新项目。利用1381年起义中特别详细的起诉档案记录，我们将创建一个数据库，提供起义中事件、地点和人物的第一个概述。通过将其与其他数据库连接，例如中世纪士兵数据库和人头税记录，我们将确定参与起义的模式。数据库的创建将使我们能够相当详细地探索这样的问题：谁参与了起义；抗议的策略和方法是什么？以及动机，话语和身份的表达。地理信息系统的使用将使我们能够动态地绘制出起义的发展和结构，这样我们就可以识别出不同的社区抗议水平，并了解这些抗议如何结合在一起，在某个阶段威胁到推翻政府。通过探索起义所产生的记录的文本性，我们将加深对起义的政治和文化影响的理解，以及它如何塑造大众政体和政治社区。通过重新创作卷入1381年起义的数千人的传记，通过重建不同地方的角色，我们将为中世纪研究提供一种新型的“自下而上的历史”。我们将研究数百名通常隐藏在视野之外的人的生活，了解他们的政治动机以及他们与政府的关系。我们强调探索被遗忘的社会群体和人民生活的重要性，使我们的影响活动具有特殊的相关性和活力。我们将用1381年的人来为那些之前认为中世纪是难以理解的历史时期的人提供一种新的，令人兴奋的研究中世纪的方法。参与1381年起义的人关注的核心是社区的概念以及如何保护和培育社区。相应地，我们认为，对1381年崛起的研究可以帮助培养一种现代的社区意识，并与过去进行接触，而与1381年人民相关的影响活动将有助于培养这种社区历史。

The People of 1381 will produce the most detailed and comprehensive interpretation to date of the Peasants' Revolt of 1381, one of the most dramatic moments in English history. By creating a comprehensive database of the thousands of people and places caught up in the rising, the project will enable for the first time the development of a holistic overview of the revolt. This will shed light on the complex economic and social relations of the revolt and help us understand the role of violence and insurgency in pre-modern politics. The records of the revolt offer a remarkable opportunity to explore the lives, aspirations and frustrations of those usually hidden from view so that we can understand their political motivations and the way in which they viewed government and politics. The English 1381 Revolt forms part of a wider upsurge in European political unrest and revolt in the later middle ages. The People of 1381 by providing the first comprehensive analysis of the participants of a medieval European revolt will assist in understanding the nature and significance of insurgency in later medieval Europe more generally.The People of 1381 is a methodologically innovative project. Drawing on the exceptionally detailed archival records of the prosecutions arising from the 1381 revolt, we will create a database providing the first overview of events, places and people in the rising. By linking this to other databases, such as the Medieval Soldier database and records of the Poll Taxes, we will identify patterns of involvement in the rising. The creation of a database will enable us to explore in considerable detail such questions as: who was involved in the rising; what were the strategies and method of protest; and what motives, discourses and identities were articulated. The use of Geographic Information Systems will allow us to dynamically map the development and structure of the rising, so that we can identify differing community levels of protest and see how these fitted together into a revolt that threatened at one stage to topple the government. By exploring the textuality of the records generated by the rising, we will enhance understanding of the political and cultural impact of the revolt and the way it shaped popular polity and the political community.By recreating the biographies of thousands of people who became caught up in the rising of 1381 and by reconstructing the role of different places, we will offer a new type of 'history from below' for medieval studies. We will examine the lives of hundreds of people usually hidden from view and understand their political motivations and the way in which they related to government. Our emphasis on the importance of exploring the lives of forgotten social groups and people give our impact activities a particular relevance and vibrancy. We will use the people of 1381 to develop a new and exciting approach to the Middle Ages for those who might previously have believed this to be an inaccessible period of history. At the heart of the preoccupations of those involved in the rising of 1381 were ideas of community and how communities should be protected and nurtured. Correspondingly, we believe that the study of the rising of 1381 can help foster a modern sense of community and engagement with the past, and the impact activities associated with The People of 1381 will help foster such community histories.