PREVENTION OF OTITIS MEDIA IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

这一计划是具有以下专业知识的调查人员共同努力的成果 耳鼻咽喉科学，儿科学，微生物学，免疫学，言语和语言， 心理学、生物统计学和波士顿研究机构，包括 儿童医院医学中心，波士顿城市医院，哈佛 波士顿大学教育和儿科诊所和 私人诊所。该方案分为四个项目：一、耳部 出生第一年的媒体：流行病学；针对儿童的化学预防 预防复发和严重中耳炎；以及顺序措施 言语、语言、认知能力、母子沟通能力 互动，和家庭互动。II.内科和外科 慢性中耳炎的防治干预措施 积液。高危新生儿中耳炎四、 病毒性和细菌性中耳炎的实验模型(包括研究 在栗鼠和老鼠身上。) 我们选择了以下主要主题进行调查： A.预防中耳炎：化学预防--抗菌剂的使用 第一年预防中耳炎的药物；免疫预防 -非分型菌株外膜蛋白的研究 流感嗜血杆菌与呼吸道合胞病毒抗原 开发安全有效的疫苗或使用被动疫苗的目标 通过注射免疫球蛋白进行保护。B.中耳炎媒体 婴幼儿：新生儿--发病率、临床病程、 微生物学和后遗症.生命的第一年.化学预防的研究 以及言语、语言和认知能力的长期后遗症。C.差距 中耳炎知识：流行病学-种族的重要性，日托， 吸烟，喂养方法(母乳或奶瓶)；家庭互动和 母婴沟通互动--中耳炎的影响 作为慢性病的特指和代表；听力学- 年1岁婴幼儿中耳炎听力评估 生命和病毒学--原发和复发性呼吸道合胞体的作用 病毒在中耳炎发病机制中的作用D.悬而未决的关键问题 重要性：渗出性慢性中耳炎的治疗-最佳 外科或医学干预；以及言语、语言和语言的发展 婴幼儿重症复发性中耳炎认知功能的研究 生命的第一年。

This program is a collaborative effort of investigators with expertise in otolaryngology, pediatrics, microbiology, immunology, speech and language, psychology, and biostatistics and of Boston institutions including Children's Hospital Medical Center, Boston City Hospital, Harvard University, Boston University School of Education and pediatric clinics and private practices. The program is organized into four projects: I. Otitis Media in the First Year of Life: epidemiology; chemoprophylaxis for preventions of recurrent and severe otitis media; and sequential measures of speech, language, cognitive ability, mother-child communicative interaction, and family interaction. II. Medical and Surgical Interventions for Cure and Prevention of Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion. III. Otitis Media in the High-Risk Newborn Infant. IV. Experimental Models of Viral and Bacterial Otitis Media (including studies in the chinchilla and mouse.) We have chosen for investigation the following major themes: A. Prevention of Otitis Media: chemophorphylaxis - use of antimicrobial agents to prevent otitis media in the firt year of life; immunoprophylaxis - studies of the outer-membrane proteins of non-typable strains of Hemophilus influenzae and antigens of respiratory syncytial virus with goals of development of safe and effective vaccines or use of passive protection by administration of immunoglobulins. B. Otitis Media in the Young Infant: newborn infant - studies of incidence, clinical course, microbiology and sequelae; first year of life - studies of chemoprophylaxis and long term sequela of speech, language and cognitive abilities. C. Gaps in Knowledge of Otitis Media: epidemiology - importance of race, day care, smoking, method of feeding (breast or bottle); family interaction and mother-child communicative interaction - effects of otitis media specifically and as representative of a chronic disease; audiology - assessment of hearing in infants with otitis media in the first year of life; and virology - role of primary and recurrent respiratory syncytial virus in pathogenesis of otitis media. D. Unresolved Issues of Critical Importance : management of chronic otitis media with effusion - optimal surgical or medical interventions; and development of speech, language and cognitive abilities in infants with severe and recurrent otitis media in the first year of life.