DEVELOPMENT OF ANTI-HIV VECTORS IN MONOCYTES/MACROPHAGES

虽然获得性免疫缺陷的许多破坏性影响 综合征（艾滋病）似乎是由于感染的CD 4+淋巴细胞，它 很明显，人类免疫缺陷病毒（艾滋病毒），病原体，可以 也感染单核细胞和巨噬细胞。 单核细胞的感染可能是 持续、低水平、低水平的 感染;在艾滋病脑病;在释放炎症 介质，如肿瘤坏死因子和白细胞介素1（IL-1）; 造血抑制和艾滋病中的免疫缺陷。 的 该提案的目的是开发能够 阻断HIV在单核细胞中的表达，使用细胞类型特异性 驱动抗HIV构建体表达的启动子。 具体目标 （1）研究HIV感染对单核细胞的影响， 特别是关于对单核细胞表达的影响， 这些细胞的表面标记和分化。 我们将测量 骨髓细胞中CD 14、CD 18和其他单核细胞标志物的表达 在单核细胞和巨噬细胞中，以及在骨髓髓样细胞中 对HIV-1和HIV-2的不同分离株敏感;并调查 分化剂如佛波醇酯和细胞因子对 这些标记物在HIV感染细胞与未感染细胞中的表达。 （二） 详细描述单核细胞的启动子和调控元件， 特异性基因，特别是CD 14和CD 18，并分离这些元件 能够驱动表达的启动子 单核细胞和巨噬细胞中的异源基因。 (3)使用这些 特征化的启动子，以开发编码阻断 表达HIV病毒必需的特定HIV基因产物 在单核细胞系中复制。 (4)为了开发含有这些的载体 单核细胞启动子/抗HIV构建体， 进入骨髓细胞并阻止HIV感染这些细胞。 这些研究应提供一个重点突出但全面的办法， 艾滋病基因治疗模型的开发。

While many of the devastating effects of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) appear to result from the infection of CD4+ lymphocytes, it is clear that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent, can also infect monocytes and macrophages. Infection of monocytic cells may be important int he initiation and propagation of persistent, low-level infection; in AIDS encephalopathy; in the release of inflammatory mediators, like tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 (IL-1); in suppression of hematopoiesis, and in the immune defects seen in AIDS. The objective of this proposal is to develop vectors which are capable of blocking HIV expression in monocytic cells, using cell-type specific promoters driving the expression of anti-HIV constructs. The specific aims are: (1) To study the effects of HIV infection of monocytic cells, particularly with respect to the effects on expression of monocytic cell surface markers and differentiation of these cells. We shall measure the expression of CD14, CD18, and other monocytic markers in myeloid cell lines, in monocytes and macrophages, and in bone marrow myeloid cells susceptible to different isolates of HIV-1 and HIV-2; and investigate the effects of differentiating agents like phorbol esters and cytokines on the expression of these markers in HIV infected versus uninfected cells. (2) To characterize in detail the promoters and regulatory elements of monocyte specific genes, particularly CD14 and CD18, and to isolate those elements of the promoters which are capable of driving the expression of heterologous genes in monocytes and macrophages. (3) To use these characterized promoters to develop vectors encoding of blocking the expression of specific HIV gene products essential for HIV viral replication in monocytic lines. (4) To develop vectors containing these monocytic promoter/anti-HIV constructs which can be efficiently introduced into bone marrow cells and block HIV infection of these cells. These studies should provide a focused but comprehensive approach to development of a model of gene therapy for AIDS.