BIOPHYSICAL MECHANISMS IN LEUKOCYTES AND MELANOCYTES

计划研究的吞噬和非吞噬功能， （尤其是多形核白细胞），这对各方面的影响， 急性炎症反应。 该研究计划特别针对 白细胞特定但重叠区域之间的关系 活动：运动，定向，目标识别，摄取， 通常伴随吞噬作用的代谢活动增加，或 其他细胞触发反应，溶酶体结构的脱粒， 白细胞和细胞内杀伤。 这些活动的方式 可以区分专性相互作用 从单纯的伴随，并可能揭示特定的途径， 功能被改变了。 实验方法是通过各种代理 以及其中一项或多项活动似乎 改变的，包括1）处理白细胞以产生无核，能动， 细胞质碎片，2）用分子和颗粒处理的白细胞 与Fc受体结合;与激素和其他旨在改变 细胞内水平的环核苷酸;并与膜溶解晶体 如二氧化硅或尿酸盐，3）来自慢性 儿童肉芽肿病，和4）白细胞治疗 在纤维元件中产生超微结构改变的物质， 如中期阻滞剂、秋水仙碱和长春碱 （影响微管）和细胞松弛素B（影响微丝）。 从比较细胞功能的角度来看，最后一组中的某些细胞可能是 也被认为是物质，因为它们影响其他功能， 黑色素细胞中黑色素颗粒的运动， 分裂细胞中有丝分裂纺锤体的组织。

Studies are planned of phagocytic and non-phagocytic functions of (especially polymorphonuclear) leukocytes, that bear on aspects of the acute inflammatory response. The research plan is particularly aimed at the relationships among specific but overlapping areas of leukocyte activity: locomotion, orientation, target recognition, ingestion, the increased metabolic activity that ordinarily accompanies phagocytosis or other cell-triggering reactions, degranulation of lysosomal structures in leukocytes, and intracellular killing. The ways in which these activities can be separated from one another may distinguish obligate interactions from mere concomitance, and may reveal the specific pathways by which cell function is altered. The experimental approach is through various agents and situations in which one or more of these activities appear to be altered, including 1) leukocytes treated to produce anucleate, motile, cytoplasmic fragments, 2) leukocytes treated with molecules and particles that bind to Fc receptors; with hormones and other agents designed to alter intracellular levels of cyclic nucleotides; and with membranolytic crystals such as silica or urate, 3) leukocytes from patients with chronic granulomatour disease of childhood, and 4) leukocytes treated with substances that produce ultrastructural alterations in fibrillar elements, such as the metaphase-arresting agents, colchicine and vinblastine (affecting microtubules), and cytochalsin B (affecting microfilaments). From the viewpoint of comparative cell function, certain of the last group of substances are also considered as they affect such functions in other cells as the movement of melanin granules in melanocytes, and the organization of the mitotic spindle in dividing cells.