THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHILDHOOD BRAIN TUMORS

本建议的目的是为了更充分地了解 脑癌的两种主要组织学类型的病因学- 神经胶质瘤和髓母细胞瘤-在幼儿中。 限制 0-5岁儿童的病例将有助于有效研究 遗传易感性，父母暴露于诱变剂之前， 孩子的概念，和妊娠期暴露于致癌物质， 可能的风险因素。 最终，了解病因因素 可以预防这些肿瘤的早期发现。 研究者将通过以下方式进行病例对照研究： 儿童癌症研究小组，一个由32名 美国和加拿大的儿科医院及其附属机构。 患者在治疗前被诊断患有神经胶质瘤或髓母细胞瘤， 六岁生日并在CCSG登记的情况将构成案件。 CCSG登记的新诊断脑肿瘤患者 占美国所有此类患者的约60%。 控件将通过随机数字拨号的方法进行选择 由我们开发，每个病例一个对照，与出生日期匹配 (plus或减去1年）、种族、区号、交换台和下2位数字 的电话号码。 人口统计数据，指数历史 妊娠，父母生育史，父母职业 病史、家庭暴露史和家族病史 将通过电话采访每个孩子的父母， 病例对照组。 文献和我们自己的数据提供了假设， 测试：与对照组相比，患有脑肿瘤的幼儿 有更高频率的1）癫痫发作，癌症 神经系统、造血系统和淋巴系统，或儿童 癌症，2）对油漆、溶剂和金属的先入为主的接触 通过父亲的职业和3）妊娠期暴露于 酒精，其他神经活性药物，染发产品，N- 含亚硝基物质、与农场有关的接触或金属。 关联模式预计不会与 神经胶质瘤和髓母细胞瘤。 这项研究将在规模较大的两个主要 组织学类型和年龄范围比以往任何 儿童脑癌的研究，但也有望 揭示了年龄较大的儿童脑肿瘤的病因， 成年人了

The objective of this proposal is to understand more fully the etiology of the two major histologic types of brain cancer - gliomas and medulloblastomas - in young children. Restricting the cases to children aged 0-5 will allow an effective study of genetic predisposition, parental exposure to mutagens prior to the child's conception, and gestational exposure to carcinogens as possible risk factors. Ultimately, knowledge of etiologic factors may allow prevention of early detection of these tumors. The investigators will perform the case-control study through the Childrens Cancer Study Group, a cooperative group of 32 pediatric hospitals and their affiliates in the U.S. and Canada. Patients diagnosed wth a glima or medulloblastoma before their sixth birthday and registered with CCSG will constitute the cases. Newly diagnosed brain tumor patients registered with CCSG represent approximately 60% of all such patients in the U.S. Controls will be selected by the method of random digit dialing developed by us with one control per case matched on birth date (plus or minus 1 year), race, area code, exchange and next 2 digits of the telephone number. Demographic data, history of index pregnancy, parental reproductive history, parental occupational history, household exposure history, and family medical history will be collected in telephone interviews of the parents of each case matched control. The literature and our own data provided the hypotheses to be tested: compared to controls, young children with brain tumors have a higher frequency of 1) family history of seizures, cancers of the nervous, hematopoietic and lymphoid systems, or childhood cancers, 2) preconception exposures to paints, solvents and metals through paternal occupation and 3) gestational exposure to alcohol, other neurally active drugs, hair coloring products, N- nitroso containing substances, farm-related exposures, or metals. The pattern of associations is not expected to be the same for glioma and medulloblastoma. This study will be larger in size for each of the two major histologic types and narrower in age range than any previous studies of childhood brain cancer but may also be expected to shed light on the etiology of brain tumors in older children and adults.