Learning to see in depth: neural models of binocular stereopsis

当你去看3D电影时，你会得到一副眼镜，在电影院戴着。然后，你会体验到电影中物体和人的三维形状的生动意识，它们似乎离开了屏幕，占据了房间内的空间。这是因为眼镜可以让电影院向你的左眼和右眼呈现两个略有不同的电影版本。这个提议的目的是确定你的大脑是如何解释你两只眼睛所看到的这些差异的。我们知道，这是由大脑中对这些差异做出反应的神经元实现的。我们将建立它是如何能够解释这些，为您提供一个清晰的欣赏三维形状的物体。这项研究对于提供一个良好的双目视觉理论理解很重要，因此我们可以开发成功的治疗方法，如弱视和斜视（“懒眼”和“斜视”），其中双眼深度感知可能受损或缺失。这对于电影和虚拟现实系统的设计师使结果尽可能“真实”也很重要。这项研究将帮助我们了解大脑对双眼图像的反应差异，以及大脑如何利用这些差异来确定三维形状。这可以直接用于虚拟现实系统的设计。最后，让工程师开发出能够“看见”的机器人和车辆也很重要；我们了解到大脑是如何实现这一目标的，这对开发人工计算机视觉非常有价值。

When you go to see a 3D movie, you are provided with a pair of glasses to be worn while in the cinema. You then experience a vivid awareness of the three-dimensional shape of the objects and people in the movie, which appear to leave the screen and occupy space within the room. This occurs because the glasses allow the cinema to present two slightly different versions of the movie to your left and right eye.The purpose of this proposal is to determine how your brain is able to interpret these differences between what is seen by your two eyes. We know that this is achieved by neurons in the brain that respond to these differences. We will establish how it is able to interpret these, to provide you with a clear appreciation of the three-dimensional shape of objects.This research is important in providing a good theoretical understanding of binocular vision, so that we may develop successful therapies for conditions such as amblyopia and strabismus ("lazy eye" and "squint") in which binocular depth perception may be impaired or absent. It is also important in enabling designers of movies and virtual reality systems to make the results as "real" as possible. This research will help us to understand the binocular image differences that our brains respond to, and how it uses these to determine three-dimensional shape. This can then be used to directly inform the design of virtual reality systems.Finally, it is important in allowing engineers to develop robots and vehicles that can "see"; what we learn about how this is achieved by our brains is very valuable in developing artificial, computer vision.