Developing enhanced breeding methodologies for oats for human health and nutrition

本提案的中心目标是将最先进的高通量育种和表型方法应用于燕麦的遗传改良，重点关注产量，谷物和碾磨质量，这是作物经济可持续性和碾磨工业的关键目标。该项目解决了英国农业在安全和营养食品的可持续生产方面面临的一些主要挑战。该LINK项目的总体目标是将高通量方法纳入IBERS燕麦育种计划，制定战略以提高产量和其他被我们的工业合作伙伴列为优先事项的目标，这些目标目前在育种周期的早期阶段很难或不可能选择。标记辅助选择（MAS）是实现这一目标的一种途径。对于由一个或几个影响较大的基因控制的主要性状的渐渗是成功的，但对于由许多基因控制的更复杂的性状，每个基因的影响都很小，则很难。MAS用于IBERS燕麦育种计划，主要基于与大效应数量性状位点（QTL）相关的少数标记的预测。关联图谱（AM）将用于进一步确定标记-性状关联，从而在育种计划中实现快速选择或渐渗。在本项目中，基因组选择（GS）将应用于一系列性状，并将通过与育种者和传统标记辅助（MAS）选择的比较来验证选择。在该计划的过程中，将开发越来越复杂的模型，并将启动由GS和MAS驱动的加速育种周期。可以预测产量的性状将通过对模型冬燕麦群体和高级育种系的关联遗传小组进行详细的表型和田间试验分析来确定。代谢谱分析和微尺度分析方法将用于开发进一步的预测筛选。基于芯片的高通量基因分型将用于预测育种价值；基因型和表型数据将被纳入谱系数据库，以进一步促进“智能”育种设计。现有的Illumina 6K iSelect头分析将扩展到包括从英国冬季和欧洲种质中鉴定的snp，这些种质与用于开发初始分析集的大部分品种具有显着不同的遗传基础。到项目结束时，通过测序进行基因分型将成为利用预期的序列通量改进的主要平台。本项目提案涉及可持续农业生产，涉及两个BBSRC战略优先领域：作物科学和健康安全食品。它具有很高的战略意义，特别是在提高作物生产力和质量、改善营养成分、提高作物生产的可持续性以及理解和利用基因组学和植物遗传多样性（作物科学）方面。它还将调查从植物（健康和安全的食品）获得新的营养供应的潜力。该提案是通过BBSRC独立链接计划提交的。该项目将受益于英国主要燕麦品种开发公司（Senova）和英国燕麦和大麦磨坊协会（BOBMA）的参与，该协会代表了英国主要的燕麦磨坊公司，如百事可乐/桂格、Morning Foods、欧洲燕麦磨坊、格兰pian Oats、Hogarths和SpeediCook。工业合作伙伴的参与将有助于确定和审查关键目标，并与学术合作伙伴一起交付项目成果。

The central objective of this proposal is to apply state of the art high throughput breeding and phenotyping approaches to the genetic improvement of oats, focusing on yield, and grain and milling quality, key targets for the economic sustainability of the crop and for the milling industry. The project addresses some of the major challenges facing UK agriculture in terms of the sustainable production of safe and nutritous food. The overall aim of this LINK project is to incorporate high throughput approaches to the IBERS oat breeding programme, to develop strategies to improve yield and other targets ranked as priorities by our industrial partners which are currently difficult or impossible to select for at early stages of breeding cycles. Marker assisted selection (MAS) represents one route to achieve this. It has been successful for introgression of major traits controlled by one or a few genes of large effect, but is difficult with more complex traits governed by many genes, each with a small effect. MAS is used in the IBERS oat breeding programme, largely based on predictions derived from a few markers linked to large effect quantitative trait loci (QTL). Association mapping (AM) will be used to identify further marker-trait associations enabling rapid selection or introgression within the breeding programme. In this project, genomic selection (GS) will be applied to a range of traits, and selections will be validated by comparison with breeder and conventional marker assisted (MAS) selections. Increasingly complex models will be developed in the course of the programme, and an accelerated breeding cycle driven by GS and MAS will be initiated. Traits which may predict yield will be identified by detailed phenomic and field trial analysis of a model winter oat population and an association genetics panel of advanced breeding lines. Metabolic profiling and micro-scale analytical methods will be used to develop further predictive screens. Chip-based high throughput genotyping will be used to predict breeding values; genotype and phenotype data will be incorporated into a pedigree database to further facilitate 'intelligent' breeding design. The existing Illumina 6K iSelect bead assay will be expanded to include SNPs identified from UK winter and European germplasm which have significantly different genetic bases from the bulk of varieties used to develop the initial assay set. Genotyping by Sequencing will become the main platform by the end of the project to take advantage of expected sequence throughput improvements. This project proposal addresses sustainable agricultural production at the interface of two BBSRC strategic priority areas: crop science and healthy and safe food. It is of high strategic relevance, specifically in enhancing crop productivity and quality, enhanced nutritional composition, increasing sustainability of crop production and understanding and exploiting genomics and the genetic diversity in plants (crop science). It will also investigate the potential of novel nutrient supplies from plants (healthy and safe food).This proposal is being submitted through the BBSRC stand-alone LINK scheme. The project will benefit from the involvement of the major oat variety development company in the UK (Senova) and the British Oat and Barley Millers Association (BOBMA) representing the major oat milling companies within the UK such as PepsiCo/Quaker, Morning Foods, European Oat Millers, Grampian Oats, Hogarths and SpeediCook. Involvement of industrial partners will allow for identification and review of key targets and delivery of the outcomes of this project alongside the academic partners.