STUDIES OF NORMAL AND NEOPLASTIC HUMAN PITUITARY TISSUE

虽然垂体肿瘤的发病率很高， 由于过度的激素产生和/或作为占位性病变， 我们对调节这种疾病发展的机制知之甚少。 垂体增生和肿瘤。 在正常人和正常人中激素产生和分化的调节 将使用以下方法研究肿瘤性人垂体组织： 形态学、免疫化学、生物化学和原位杂交 方法.在光镜和电子显微镜水平上的形态学研究， 特异性抗体免疫化学法和原位杂交法 将使用寡核苷酸、cDNA和核糖核酸探针分析来研究 正常垂体、催乳素（PRL）、生长激素（GH）产生和无效 细胞或未分化腺瘤。细胞外基质上的细胞培养 将使用无血清培养基来分析特定的 下丘脑激素如促甲状腺激素释放激素、促性腺激素 促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素和生长抑素， 以及佛波醇酯对激素产生和分化的影响。受体 放射自显影和生化分析的具体受体将是 在这些组织中进行，并与各种 促分泌素对细胞分化的影响。特定生长因子的作用， 如表皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子， 将检查垂体细胞分化。雌激素的调节 受体、嗜铬粒蛋白和垂体转录因子信使RNA 将分析正常和肿瘤垂体细胞中的水平。的 长期目标是了解形态学和生物化学 正常垂体与肿瘤垂体的异同 组织和获得更多的了解生物学正常和肿瘤 垂体细胞这些研究的数据可能会导致更好的 了解正常和肿瘤垂体细胞的生物学， 以及开发治疗这些肿瘤的方法， 有效地

Although pituitary neoplasms are associated with a great deal of morbidity because of excessive hormone production and/or as space occupying lesions, very little is known about the mechanisms regulating the development of pituitary hyperplasia and neoplasia in humans. The regulation of hormone production and differentiation in normal and neoplastic human pituitary gland tissues will be investigated using morphological, immunochemical, biochemical and in situ hybridization methods. Morphological studies at the light and electron microscopic level, immunochemical methods with specific antibodies and in situ hybridization analyses with oligonucleotide, cDNA and riboprobes will be used to study normal pituitaries, prolactin (PRL), growth hormone (GH)-producing and null cell or undifferentiated adenomas. Cell culture on extracellular matrix with serum free media will be used to analyze the effects of specific hypothalamic hormones such as thyrotropin releasing hormone, gonadotropin releasing hormone, corticotropin releasing hormone and somatostatin, as well as phorbol esters on hormone production and differentiation. Receptor autoradiography and biochemical analysis for specific receptors will be performed in these tissues and correlated with the effects of various secretagogues on cell differentiation. The role of specific growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor on pituitary cell differentiation will be examined. The regulation of estrogen receptor, chromogranins and pituitary transcription factor messenger RNA levels in normal and neoplastic pituitary cells will be analyzed. The long-term objectives are to understand the morphological and biochemical differences and similarities between normal and neoplastic human pituitary tissues and to gain more insight into the biology of normal and neoplastic pituitary cells. The data from these studies may lead to a better understanding of the biology of normal and neoplastic pituitary cells in humans and to the development of methods to treat these tumors more effectively.