13TSB_ACT: Lobster Grower - Develop the technology to fast track the aquaculture potential for the European Lobster

该项目特别涉及高价值海洋物种的初级畜牧业生产，旨在建立一个基本的知识基础和水产养殖基础设施，以实现经济和低碳的绿色欧洲龙虾养殖。该研究和开发项目将开发初步设计的海上集装箱养殖(SBCC)系统解决方案，最终目的是告知最终原型的生产标准，这些标准可以在稍后阶段进行行业规模的测试。由名义上的龙虾孵化器(NLH)使用为饲养牡蛎唾液而设计的容器进行的初步海上龙虾试验已经表明，龙虾在单个容器中短期内存活和生长良好。尽管初步试验取得了初步成功，但初步试验突出了集装箱设计中的一些缺陷，这些缺陷导致了生长和存活的差异，以及部署、监测、取回和维护集装箱所需的大量工时。试验证明，经济可行性是有限的，平均存活率与流量成正比。在海水交换最多的容器中，动物的存活率高达90%，而在允许较低流速的容器中，存活率约为30%。在养殖容器的形状、材料、表面积方面重新设计系统，使必要的流体流动和技术生产过程得以实现，这将使欧洲龙虾的经济养殖成为可能。这一研究和开发项目旨在通过对具体设计的科学评估来解决这项初步研究中发现的不足之处。为了告知欧洲龙虾养殖所需的生长和存活标准，将结合生物科学和流体动力学技术的专业知识。虽然生物环境将提供生长和存活标准，但提供必要生长和成活率的海基集装箱养殖(SBCC)系统的流动模式将通过部署一系列上层建筑和个体网箱设计进行实验研究，并利用法尔茅斯大学Makernow数字生产实验室内的设施和专业知识进行生产。位于埃克塞特大学康沃尔校区的特殊水动力测试设施将用于调查SBCC设计是否提供了必要的流型。为了测量和可视化SBCC上部结构和内部容器周围和内部的流动，将使用自由流动和内部流动中的速度和湍流分布的非侵入式或部分侵入式2D或3D点测量技术，例如LDA-LDV和热线风速测量方法。它旨在测试四个上部结构，它们将具有不同的刚度、通道、形状和相应的流动特性。内部容器将进行单独测试，以了解由于i)不同的形状设计和ii)例如因海洋生长而造成的堵塞标准导致的流量变化。将初步调查四种不同的内箱设计，并将进一步调查最合适的设计，通过堵塞船体的量化百分比来影响。最后，整个CBSS系统将作为上层建筑和内部容器的组合进行研究。结果将根据科学发现进行评估，并用来提供必要的证据，以开发可在稍后阶段的海试中进行测试的最终原型。

The project relates specifically to primary livestock production of a high value marine species and aims to put in place an essential base of both knowledge and aqua farming infrastructure to enable economical and low carbon 'green' European Lobster farming. This research and development project will develop initial design Sea Based Container Culture (SBCC) system solutions with the end aim to inform about production criteria of final prototypes that can be tested at an industry scale at a later stage. Preliminary sea based lobster trials conducted by The Notional Lobster Hatchery (NLH) using containers designed for rearing oyster spat have already shown good short term survival and growth of lobsters in individual containers. Despite initial success, the preliminary trials have highlighted some deficiencies in container designs that have resulted in variation in growth and survival, as well as high number of man hours required to deploy, monitor, retrieve and maintain containers. The trial identified that the economical viability was limited and that the mean survival rate varied directly with flow. Animals in containers with the greatest exchange of seawater demonstrated survival rates of up to 90% compared with approximate 30% in containers allowing lower flow rates. A re-design of the system in term of shape, material, surface area of culture containers enabling necessary fluid flows and technical production processes, which will allow the economical farming of the European lobster. This research and development project is designed to address the deficiencies identified in this preliminary study through a scientific assessment of specific designs. In order to inform about necessary growing and survival criteria that will allow the farming of the European Lobster the expertise from bioscience and fluid dynamic technologies will be combined. Whilst the biological context will provide growth and survival criteria, flow pattern for Sea Based Container Culture (SBCC) systems that provide necessary growth and survival rates will be investigated experimentally through the deployment of a range of superstructures and individual cages design and produced using facilities and expertise within Falmouth University's Makernow digital production Lab. A special hydrodynamic test facility based at the University of Exeter' Cornwall Campus will be used to investigate if SBCC designs provide the necessary flow patterns. In order to measure and visualise the flow around and within SBCC superstructures and inner container designs non-intrusive or part-intrusive 2D or 3D point measurement of velocity and turbulence distribution in both free flows and internal flow techniques will be used, such as LDA-LDV and hot wire anemometry methods.It is intended to test four superstructures, which will have different stiffness, access, shape and consequently flow characteristics. The inner containers will be tested individually to understand the change in flow as a consequence of i) different shape designs and ii) blockage criteria caused e.g. through marine growth. Four different inner container designs will be initially investigated and the most suitable design will be further investigated regarding the impact through blockage by blocking a quantified percentage of the hull. Finally the full CBSS system will be investigated as a combination of superstructure and inner containers. The outcomes will be assessed based on scientific findings and used to provide the necessary evidence to develop a final prototype that can be tested at sea trials at later stage.