ETIOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE AMONG UNEMPLOYED BLACK YOUTH

失业黑人青少年中滥用药物的比率 似乎是巨大的和令人震惊的。病因学范式 这可能有助于解释失业人员滥用药物的原因 黑人青年包括1)生活压力，2)身份/生活方式，3) 心理幸福感理论范式。建议数 这项研究是对 失业黑人青年滥用药物的病因学。 心理社会预测测量将在#年的两个时间点收集 时间，以及六个时间点的药物使用标准，由培训人员 来自150名辍学黑人男性青少年的采访者 没有上学，没有工作。将征集失业青年 通过多种渠道，包括福利中心、青少年 就业和邻里青年方案、邻里和 社区领导人、参加健康和人类服务的父母 代理机构、给高中辍学生的邮件和媒体 广告。研究征集将表明 正在寻找失业青少年参加面试，以了解 不同的年轻人如何应对和经历失业。 年轻人将被告知，有些问题集中在实质性问题上 使用。 主要预测变量将根据这三个因素进行评估 上面概述的病因学范式包括：1)负性生活 事件、应对策略和社会支持(生活压力)；2) 犯罪、宗教信仰、人生目标和有目的 活动(身份/生活方式)；3)抑郁、自尊和 一般自我效能感(心理幸福感)的有效性 标准预测指标将根据趋同进行评估 二次测量来自开放式访谈数据。 将对报告的药物使用的可靠性和有效性进行审查 通过1)每月数据收集过程中自我报告的一致性 积分，以及2)自我报告数据与抵押品的比较 来自同行和重要其他人的报告。 从当前收集的可比较的心理社会数据 研究样本将允许检查几组 第二个假设：失业的药物滥用者会有所不同 对黑人青少年吸毒的预测变量有显著影响 虐待者被转介接受住院治疗，b)被判定为黑人 少年犯，以及c)以学校和教会为基础的规范 黑人青少年的样本。

The rates of substance abuse among unemployed black teenagers appear to be substantial and alarming. Etiological paradigms which may help to explain substance abuse among unemployed black youth include 1) life stress, 2) identity/lifestyle, and 3) psychological well-being theoretical paradigms. The proposed study represents one of the first systematic investigations of the etiology of substance abuse among unemployed black youth. Psychosocial predictor measures will be collected at two points in time, and drug use criteria at six points in time, by trained interviewers from 150 black male teenagers who have dropped out of school and are unemployed. Unemployed youth will be solicited through multiple channels, including welfare centers, teen employment and neighborhood youth programs, neighborhood and community leaders, parents attending health and human service agencies, mailings to high school dropouts, and media advertisements. Research solicitations will indicate that unemployed teenagers are being sought for an interview to learn how different youth deal with and experience unemployment. Youth will be informed that some questions focus on substance use. Primary predictor variables to be assessed, based on the three etiological paradigms outlined above, include: 1) negative life events, coping strategies and social support (Life Stress); 2) delinquency, religious commitment, life goals, and purposeful activity (Identity/Lifestyle); and 3) depression, self-esteem, and general self-efficacy (Psychological Well-Being). Validity of standard predictor measures will be assessed from convergence with secondary measures derived from open-ended interview data. Reliability and validity of reported drug use will be examined through 1) consistency of self-report over monthly data collection points, and 2) comparisons of self-report data with collateral reports from peers and significant others. Comparable psychosocial data being collected from current research samples will allow the examination of several sets of secondary hypotheses: Unemployed substance abusers will differ significantly on predictor variables from a) black teen drug abusers referred for residential treatment, b) adjudicated black juvenile offenders, and c) school and church-based normative samples of black teenagers.