ACOUSTIC AND PERCEPTUAL INVARIANCE IN SPEECH

该提案的广泛目标是开发、测试和 完善语音中的声学不变性理论。我们将延长我们的 几种语音特征的声学特性研究 语音对比。我们将调查发音的摩擦部位 通过探索摩擦噪声中的频谱模式，声音的声音 音节-开头的擦音，前面有浊音和清音，后缀 声门摩擦时的声门兴奋特征探讨 噪声以及摩擦起始点和摩擦起始点附近的区域 偏移量，通过检查图案来停止/滑动发音的方式 在特定频率区域中发生的幅度变化 停止滑行释放的附近，以及鼻音的发音方式 检查鼻腔杂音的幅度和频率 杂音的特征。我们将调查这些措施的影响 不变属性的特定可变性来源，包括 辅音性质并置对邻音的影响 辅音特征，语音库存的影响 特定语言对声学特性的性质和影响 扬声器速度对声学特性的影响。最后，我们将探讨 声学/语音特性对单词识别的影响程度 词汇通达。我们将调查亚音化的程度 变异(发声时间)和音位变异(音节 减少)影响单词识别，我们将探索声学 与特定语音特征相关联的“TRACE”留在 经过规则控制的语音和音位的语音片段 进程，以及跟踪是否符合不变属性 与语音特征相关联；我们将探索 单词的声学属性会影响词汇通达，并且在 特殊的语义启动。 我们的总体研究策略包括表演详细的声学 自然言语符号分析与感知实验 使用人工合成和计算机编辑的自然语音。世界银行的目标是 声学分析是为了识别与以下相关的不变特性 特定的语音特征，以设计算法来量化这些 属性，并通过应用 一组新的自然语音数据。感知实验将是 来帮助我们专注于 可能存在不变特性的声信号，并且 探索这些属性对 识别特定的语音维度。词汇决定 将进行实验，以探索声学/语音的影响 有关词汇访问的属性。

The broad objectives of this proposal are to develop, test, and refine a theory of acoustic invariance in speech. We will extend our research on the acoustic properties for a number of phonetic features and phonetic contrasts. We will investigate fricative place of articulation by exploring the spectral patterns in the frication noise, the voicing of syllable-initial fricatives preceded by voiced and voiceless stops by exploring the characteristics of glottal excitation in the fricative noise and in the regions near the boundaries of the fricative onset and offset, the stop/glide manner of articulation by examining the patterns of amplitude change occurring in particular frequency regions in the vicinity of the stop-glide release, and nasal manner of articulation by examining the amplitude of the nasal murmur as well as the frequency characteristics of the murmur. We will investigate the effects of particular sources of variability on invariant properties, including the effects of the juxtaposition of consonantal properties on adjacent consonantal properties, the effects of the phonetic inventory of a particular language on the nature of acoustic properties, and the effects of speaker-rate on acoustic properties. Finally, we will explore the extent to which acoustic/phonetic properties affect word recognition and lexical access. We will investigate the extent to which sub-phonetic variations (voiceonset time) and phonological variations (syllable reduction) affect word recognition, we will explore whether an acoustic 'trace' associated with a particular phonetic feature is left in a phonetic segment that undergoes rule-governed phonetic and phonological processes and whether the 'trace' conforms to invariant properties associated with the phonetic feature; and, we will explore the extent to which the acoustic properties of a word affect lexical access and in particular semantic priming. Our general research strategy includes performing detailed acoustic analyses of natural speech tokens and conducting perception experiments using synthetic and computer-edited natural speech. The goals of the acoustic analyses are to identify those invariant properties relating to particular phonetic features, to devise algorithms for quantifying these properties, and to test the effectiveness of these measures by applying them to a new set of natural speech data. Perception experiments will be conducted to help us focus on potentially critical portions of the acoustic signal where invariant properties are likely to reside, and to explore the perceptual consequences of these properties for the identification of particular phonetic dimensions. Lexical decision experiments will be conducted to explore the effects of acoustic/phonetic properties on lexical access.