DIABETES EXERCISE AND MUSCLE PROTEIN TURNOVER IN VIVO

关于耐力的影响，有相当多的信息可用 骨骼碳水化合物代谢的胰岛素敏感性训练 糖尿病动物和正常动物的肌肉。然而，人们对此知之甚少， 关于蛋白质代谢敏感度的变化。改编 从骨骼肌到耐力训练涉及蛋白质的变化 导致特定物质浓度增加的新陈代谢 蛋白质。相反，针对负荷的收缩活动会导致 导致肥大的蛋白质代谢的改变。这种蛋白质 对这两种活动的代谢反应发生在胰岛素缺乏的人 糖尿病大鼠和正常大鼠。我们建议确定 肌肉活动对双侧肌肉胰岛素敏感性的影响 快速抽动比目鱼肌和比目鱼肌蛋白质和碳水化合物的体外代谢 慢抽动上丘肌和指长伸肌分离 来自正常大鼠和糖尿病大鼠。在平行实验中，其敏感度 大鼠快、慢抽动骨骼肌的在体蛋白质合成 久坐耐力训练糖尿病大鼠对胰岛素的刺激 输液将会确定。最后，我们将在体外实验中测试 糖皮质激素是控制疾病的重要因素的假说 骨骼肌蛋白质代谢的胰岛素敏感性。这些 研究将为人类适应反应提供重要的新信息。 骨骼肌对耐力运动和收缩活动的意愿 洞察身体调理改善的机制 肌肉的功能，并改变有机体对 胰岛素对合成代谢的影响。

Considerable information is available regarding the effects of endurance training on the insulin sensitivity of carbohydrate metabolism in skeletal muscles of diabetic and normal animals. Little is known, however, regarding alterations in sensitivity of protein metabolism. The adaptation of skeletal muscle to endurance training involves alterations in protein metabolism which lead to increases in the concentration of specific proteins. In contrast, contractile activity against a load results in alterations in protein metabolism that lead to hypertrophy. The protein metabolic responses to the two types of activity occur in insulin-deficient diabetic rats as well as normal rats. We propose to determine the influence of muscle activity on the insulin sensitivity of both muscle protein and carbohydrate metabolism in vitro in the fast twitch soleus and slow twitch epitrochlearis and extensor digitorum longus muscles isolated from normal and diabetic rats. In parallel experiments, the sensitivity of protein synthesis in vivo in fast and slow twitch skeletal muscles of sedentary and endurance trained diabetic rats to stimulation by insulin infusion will be determined. Finally, we will test in in vitro experiments the hypothesis that glucocorticoids are important factors in controlling the insulin sensitivity of protein metabolism in skeletal muscles. These studies will provide important new information on the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to endurance exercise and contractile activity and will provide insight into the mechanism by which physical conditioning improves the function of muscle and alters the sensitivity of the organism to the anabolic influence of insulin.