DIFFERENTIATION OF ENDOCRINE PANCREAS

胰腺由外分泌组织和内分泌细胞组成。 形成了朗格里亚人的小岛。尽管它通常是 同意胰腺细胞来自内胚层， 关于细胞来源的问题再次被提出。 当发现一些内分泌细胞表达 儿茶酚胺酶，一种典型的神经元特征。在这项研究中 提案，我们将检验以下假设： 儿茶酚胺酶在内分泌细胞中的不反映 它们的原产地，但处于生物化学成熟的阶段 胰腺内分泌细胞。我们还将寻求确定b) 内分泌儿茶酚胺酶是否存在 胰腺的细胞是预先确定的，或者它是否受到 环境和c)胰腺细胞是否起源于 共同的或单独的前兆，如果 多种内分泌细胞表达儿茶酚胺酶 在开发过程中。我们还将检验这一假设 含儿茶酚胺酶的内分泌细胞，是一种 前身种群，能够扩散并增加 胰岛组织的数量。 分化的标准将是免疫组织化学 胰岛细胞的胰岛激素抗体标记 和儿茶酚胺酶。设计的技术来标记两个 同一细胞中的抗原将被用于细胞谱系 分析。器官类型和细胞培养将被用来分析 环境在TH和多肽调节中的作用 荷尔蒙的表达。最后，关于胰岛生长的假设是 由含有THWILE的多肽细胞增殖产生 在突变的肥胖小鼠身上进行测试，这些小鼠患有增生性疾病 胰岛，以及转基因小鼠的B细胞肿瘤中。

The pancreas is formed by exocrine tissue and by endocrine cells which form the islets of Langherans. Although it is generally agreed that pancreatic cells are derived from the endoderm, questions concerning the origin of the cells were again raised when it was discovered that some endocrine cells express catecholamine enzymes, a typical neuronal trait. In this research proposal we will test the hypothesis that the expression of catecholamine enzymes by endocrine cells in not a reflection of their site of origin but of a stage in the biochemical maturation of pancreatic endocrine cells. We will also seek to determine b) whether the appearance of catecholamine enzymes in endocrine cells of the pancreas is predetermined or if it is influenced by the environment and c) whether pancreatic cells originate from common or separate precursors and if the precursors for the various endocrine cell types express catecholamine enzymes during development. We will also test the hypothesis that endocrine cells containing catecholamine enzyme, being a precursor population, are able to proliferate and increase the amount of islet tissue. The criteria of differentiation will be the immunohistochemical labeling of islet cells with antibodies against pancreatic hormones and catecholamine enzymes. Techniques devised to label two antigens in the same cell will be employed for the cell lineage analysis. Organotypic and cell culture will be used to analyze the role of the environment in the regulation of TH and peptide hormones expression. Finally, the hypothesis that islet growth is produced by proliferation of the peptide cells containing TH will be tested in mutant obese mice, animals that develop hyperplastic islets, and in B-cell tumors of transgenic mice.