ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION OF HALOGENATED BIPHENYLS

该项目的长期目标是开发新的 电催化方法清洁，永久有效 销毁多氯联苯等卤化有机污染物， 多溴联苯。 技术将适用于相关的有毒卤化 我们环境中的化学物质，如氯化二苯并二恶英， 二苯并呋喃、二溴化乙烯（EDB）和氯化 农药 未来五年的具体目标围绕 优化实验设计因素， 更快的脱卤速率。 电极表面将被涂覆 具有动态表面活性剂双层和多层以浓缩 反应物 反应介质将采用胶束和微乳液 在水基系统中，污染物可能存在于 自然 可见光的超声质量输运和光激发 光捕获催化剂将用于进一步增强反应， rates. 可见光速率增强的发展将 促进最终利用阳光帮助分解 有机卤化物 将定制新的表面活性剂/催化剂系统 专门用于完全分解商用多氯联苯和多溴联苯 与颗粒物质结合的混合物和其他有机卤化物， 工业用油。 新型双连续水/油/表面活性剂 含有6 - 30%水的微乳液将被评价为 净化被污染的油。 催化剂包括芳族化合物。 碳氢化合物和高效金属大环化合物。 活性多氯联苯和多溴联苯阴离子自由基中间体的寿命将 可以在有机溶剂和表面活性剂双层中测量。 结合先前估计的标准还原潜力， 这些结果将有助于更好地了解环境 以及卤代联苯的毒理学相互作用。 基础数据 多氯联苯和多溴联苯上积累的物质将有助于 具有毒性和微生物反应性。 这项研究预计将产生重大贡献， 污染的公共卫生问题的最终解决 我们的环境与有机卤化物化学品。 它承诺 制定新的方法，以永久有效地清除 污染物质，如沉积物，土壤和工业 油. 希望我们的基本成果将有助于 旨在揭示环境污染机制的研究 普遍存在的持久性有机卤化物的降解和毒性 污染物

The broad long-term objectives of this project are to develop new electrocatalytic approaches for clean, permanently effective destruction of halogenated organic pollutants such as PCBs and PBBs. Techniques will be applicable to related toxic halogenated chemicals in our environment like chlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, ethylene dibromide (EDB), and chlorinated pesticides. Specific aims for the next five years center around optimizing experimental design factors to attain significantly faster dehalogenation rates. Electrode surfaces will be coated with dynamic surfactant bilayers and multilayers to concentrate reactants. Reaction media will employ micelles and microemulsions in water-based systems, where pollutants are likely to be found in nature. Ultrasonic mass transport and photoexcitation of visible- light harvesting catalysts will be used to further enhance reaction rates. Development of visible light rate enhancement will facilitate eventual use of sunlight to help decompose organohalides. New surfactant/catalyst systems will be tailored specifically for complete decomposition of commercial PCB and PBB mixtures and other organohalides bound to particulate matter and industrial oils. New bicontinuous water/oil/surfactant microemulsions with 6-30% water will be evaluated as media for detoxifying contaminated oil. Catalysts include aromatic hydrocarbons and highly efficient metal macrocycles. Lifetimes of reactive PCB and PBB anion radical intermediates will be measured in organic solvents and in surfactant bilayers. Combined with previously estimated standard reduction potentials, these results should lead to improved insight into environmental and toxicological interactions of halobiphenyls. Fundamental data accumulated on PCBs and PBBs will be useful in correlating structure with toxic and microbiological reactivities. This research is expected to yield significant contributions to an eventual solution of the public health problem of contamination of our environment with organohalide chemicals. It promises to generate new approaches to permanently effective cleanup of contaminated materials such as sediments, soils, and industrial oils. It is hoped that our fundamental results will aid in research aimed at uncovering mechanisms of environmental degradation and toxicity of ubiquitous and persistent organohalide pollutants.