ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION OF HALOGENATED BIPHENYLS

这个项目的长期目标是开发新的 清洁、持久有效的电催化方法 销毁多氯联苯和多氯联苯等卤化有机污染物 多溴联苯。技术将适用于相关有毒卤化物 我们环境中的化学物质，如氯化二苯并二恶英， 二苯并呋喃、二溴乙烷(EDB)和氯化 杀虫剂。未来五年的具体目标围绕 优化试验设计因素，实现显著 更快的脱卤率。电极表面将被涂覆 利用动态表面活性剂双层和多层膜进行浓缩 反应物。反应介质将采用胶束和微乳液 在水基系统中，污染物很可能在 大自然。可见光分子的超声传质和光激发 将使用捕光催化剂来进一步加强反应 费率。可见光速率增强的发展将 促进最终利用阳光来帮助分解 有机卤化物。将量身定做新的表面活性剂/催化剂系统 专门用于商业印刷电路板和多溴联苯的完全分解 混合物和其他有机卤化物结合到颗粒物和 工业用油。新型双连续水/油/表面活性剂 水含量为6-30%的微乳液将作为介质进行评估 使受污染的油解毒。催化剂包括芳香族 碳氢化合物和高效金属大循环。 反应性多氯联苯和多溴联苯阴离子自由基中间体的寿命将 在有机溶剂和表面活性剂双层中进行测量。 结合先前估计的标准还原潜力， 这些结果应该有助于更好地洞察环境 以及卤代联苯的毒理相互作用。基础数据 积累的多氯联苯和多溴联苯将有助于将 具有毒性和微生物反应性的结构。 预计这项研究将对 最终解决空气污染的公共卫生问题 我们的环境中含有有机卤化物。它承诺会 制定新的方法来永久有效地清理 受污染的物质，如沉积物、土壤和工业 石油。希望我们的基本成果将有助于 旨在揭示环境影响机制的研究 无处不在和持久性有机卤化物的降解和毒性 污染物。

The broad long-term objectives of this project are to develop new electrocatalytic approaches for clean, permanently effective destruction of halogenated organic pollutants such as PCBs and PBBs. Techniques will be applicable to related toxic halogenated chemicals in our environment like chlorinated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans, ethylene dibromide (EDB), and chlorinated pesticides. Specific aims for the next five years center around optimizing experimental design factors to attain significantly faster dehalogenation rates. Electrode surfaces will be coated with dynamic surfactant bilayers and multilayers to concentrate reactants. Reaction media will employ micelles and microemulsions in water-based systems, where pollutants are likely to be found in nature. Ultrasonic mass transport and photoexcitation of visible- light harvesting catalysts will be used to further enhance reaction rates. Development of visible light rate enhancement will facilitate eventual use of sunlight to help decompose organohalides. New surfactant/catalyst systems will be tailored specifically for complete decomposition of commercial PCB and PBB mixtures and other organohalides bound to particulate matter and industrial oils. New bicontinuous water/oil/surfactant microemulsions with 6-30% water will be evaluated as media for detoxifying contaminated oil. Catalysts include aromatic hydrocarbons and highly efficient metal macrocycles. Lifetimes of reactive PCB and PBB anion radical intermediates will be measured in organic solvents and in surfactant bilayers. Combined with previously estimated standard reduction potentials, these results should lead to improved insight into environmental and toxicological interactions of halobiphenyls. Fundamental data accumulated on PCBs and PBBs will be useful in correlating structure with toxic and microbiological reactivities. This research is expected to yield significant contributions to an eventual solution of the public health problem of contamination of our environment with organohalide chemicals. It promises to generate new approaches to permanently effective cleanup of contaminated materials such as sediments, soils, and industrial oils. It is hoped that our fundamental results will aid in research aimed at uncovering mechanisms of environmental degradation and toxicity of ubiquitous and persistent organohalide pollutants.