SCLERAL IMPLANTS FOR MYOPIA

人类的眼睛在生命的头三年里生长迅速； 出生时的平均轴长为17.3 mm，约为5 mm。 在正常情况下，轴向长度仅增加1 毫米到14岁完全生长。较大的伸长率会导致近视，一种视觉 一大部分人普遍存在的缺乏症，通常是 可配戴眼镜或隐形眼镜矫正。然而，在一些人身上， 地球继续变长，以至于很难 通过屈光矫正恢复功能性视力。因为……的增长 视网膜没有跟上巩膜扩张的步伐，这些 眼睛有很大的视网膜破裂、脱离和失明的风险。 病理性近视与巩膜结构弱化有关。 这项生物材料研究提案的目标是确定 通过手术植入的加固带安全地支撑巩膜以 防止眼睛拉长，形成最佳的巩膜 加强带。最初的努力将针对确定 候选巩膜加固材料(供体)的生物学效应 巩膜、合成聚合物)。然后，它的影响 选定的巩膜植入物对猫眼在一段时期内的生长影响 将对快速发展的前景进行评估。轴向长度的变化将是 由超声A超监测。黄斑、视网膜的状况 血流和视神经头将通过眼底镜检查进行评估 并通过眼底照相和视神经头记录下来 通过眼底镜检查进行评估，并通过眼底照相记录。 解剖检查将验证带子的位置和他们的 对眼外结构的严重影响。植入物的相容性 眼组织在细胞水平的材料和眼组织的性质 将检查植入物和眼睛之间的界面 组织学上。在成功的猫科研究之后，将在 小猴子。在适当的时候，有希望的结果将紧随其后 对晚期患者进行临床试验的建议 病理性近视，然后在近视患者中谁是最大的风险 发展到严重的轴向伸长。建议的研究结果 这些研究也将适用于合成聚合物在 眼部如用于巩膜扣，防止疤痕形成的肌肉贴片，以及 组织增强术。

The human eye grows rapidly over the first 3 years of life; the increase from an average 17.3 mm axial length at birth is approximately 5 mm. Under normal conditions, the axial length increases only an additional 1 mm to full growth by age 14. Greater elongation causes myopia, a visual deficiency common to a large segment of the population, which is usually correctable with spectacles or contact lenses. In some people, however, the globe continues to lengthen to such an extent that it is difficult to restore functional vision by refractive correction. Because the growth of the retinal does not keep pace with the expansion of the sclera, these eyes are at great risk of retinal breaks, detachment, and blindness. Pathologic myopia is associated with structural weakening of the slcera. The goals of this biomaterials research proposal are to determine whether surgically implanted reinforcement bands safely support the sclera to prevent the lengthening of the eye and to develop an optimal sclera reinforcement band. Initial efforts will be directed toward determining the biological effects of candidate scleral reinforcement materials (donor sclera, synthetic polymers) on the rabbit eye. Then, the effects of selected scleral implants on the growth of the feline eye during a period of rapid development will be evaluated. Changes in axial length will be monitored by ultrasonic A-scan. The condition of the macula, the retinal blood flow, and the optic nerve head will be evaluated by ophthalmoscopy and documented by fundus photography and the optic nerve head will be evaluated by ophthalmoscopy and documented by fundus photography. Anatomic examinations will verify the placement of the bands and their gross effects on extraocular structures. The compatibility of the implant materials with ocular tissues at the cellular level and the nature of the interface between the implants and the eye will be examined histologically. Successful feline studies will be followed by trials in infant monkeys. When appropriate, promising results will be followed by a proposal to conduct clinical trials in patients who have advanced pathologic myopia, and then in myopia patients who are at greatest risk of progressing to severe axial elongation. The results of the proposed studies will also be applicable to other uses of synthetic polymers in the eye such as for scleral buckles, muscle patches to prevent scarring, and tissue augmentation.