CIRCANNUAL RHYTHMS, BEHAVIOR AND REPRODUCTION

这项拟议的工作试图确定神经和内分泌机制 年周期节律的产生和夹带的基础 繁殖、体重、食物摄入量和冬眠。未来的物种 研究对象是金毛地鼠和欧洲仓鼠。 具体项目包括：(1)阐述 昼夜节律和周年节律，特别是频率的作用 昼夜节律的分离作为一种测量机制 一年一次的间隔(2)对产后性行为作用的评估 身体季节性性别差异发育的辨证 体重和血浆黄体生成素水平(3)决定 雌二醇对大鼠近一年体重周期的相移效应 指定下丘脑中雌二醇影响的部位 一年一次的计时过程(4)确定脂质作为 生殖、冬眠和身体周期的同步器 重量。血脂在食物摄入量反馈调节中的作用 在大约一年的体重周期的几个阶段进行评估(5) 视交叉上核作为视交叉上核振荡器作用的比较 光周期携带的周期节律与光周期同步的周期节律 非光周期分子(6)肾上腺作用的评价 类固醇在血浆黄体生成周期节律中的作用 激素(7)恒温时激素分泌模式的测定 和不同温度的冬眠阶段(8)评估 室旁核在昼夜节律的产生中的作用。参数 要测量的指标包括体重、食物摄入量、运动能力、 血浆黄体生成素和睾酮水平、体温和 生殖状态的几个形态和生理指标。 拟议的研究将开发与以下方面相关的概念和数据 理解和操纵人类的周年节律被认为是 这是情感性障碍的季节性周期的基础。

The proposed work seeks to identify neural and endocrine mechanisms underlying the generation and entrainment of circannual rhythms of reproduction, body weight, food intake and hibernation. The species to be studied are the golden-mantled ground squirrel and the European hamster. Specific projects include: (1) Elaboration of the relation between circadian and circannual rhythms, in particular the role of frequency demultiplication of circadian rhythms as a mechanism for measuring circannual intervals (2) Assessment of the role of postnatal sexual differentiation for the development of seasonal sex differences in body weight and plasma luteinizing hormone levels (3) Determining the phase-shifting effects of estradiol on the circannual body weight cycle and specifying the sites within the hypothalamus at which estradiol influences circannual time-keeping processes (4) Establishing the role of lipids as synchronizers of circannual cycles in reproduction, hibernation and body weight. The effects of lipids on feedback regulation of food intake will be assessed at several phases of the circannual body weight cycle (5) comparison of the role of the suprachiasmatic nuclei as oscillators for circannual rhythms entrained by photoperiod versus those synchronized by non-photo-periodic zeitgebers (6) Evaluation of the role of adrenal steroids in the generation of circannual rhythms of plasma luteinizing hormone (7) Determination of hormone secretory patterns during homothermic and heterothermic phases of hibernation (8) Assessment of the role of the paraventricular nuclei in the generation of circannual rhythms. Parameters to be measured include body weight, food intake, locomotor activity, luteinzing hormone and testesterone levels in plasma, body temperature and several morphological and physiological indices of reproductive status. The proposed research will develop concepts and data relevant to understanding and manipulating human circannual rhythms presumed to underlie seasonal cycles in affective disorders.