Dynamic Performance of Large Civil Engineering Structures: An Integrated Approach to Management, Design and Assessment

尽管几十年来主要是基于实验室的研究，但在开放空间环境中，已建成土木工程结构的动力性能，包括振动适用性，仍然是土木结构工程中最不被了解的领域之一。然而，由于高层建筑、大跨度地板、公路桥和人行桥以及大看台等装配式结构的细长和高度增加以及质量、刚度和减震减少的强烈趋势，这一领域的重要性正在迅速增加。使问题更加复杂的是，在过去10年里，当人类和/或敏感过程是振动接受者时，这与减少和控制结构振动的相互矛盾的要求相结合。这主要是由于人类对高质量基础设施的期望增加，以及先进技术工艺的发展，如微电子制造或粒子物理研究，需要亚微米的位置精度。已建土木工程结构动力性能的另一个方面是对其进行长期监测。这在发展中的结构健康监测(SHM)领域正迅速变得越来越重要，有时也是有争议的，这是一个用词不当的词，根据该领域的最新发展，应该更恰当地理解为结构性能监测(SPM)。毫不奇怪，由于振动的适用性，涉及这个问题的所有相关论文中有三分之二是在过去8年才发表的。仅在英国，受影响的建筑组合每年的价值就超过1000亿英镑，这些建筑主要是新建或翻新的。风、地震、地面和地下交通以及由人引起的动力激励(如行走或跳跃)是关键的运行动力作用，其中对已建成的真实土木工程结构的影响及其预测(振动适用性)、使用(用于SPM)和缓解(用于振动控制)是本平台拨款提案的主题。目前这一领域的全球最新水平不令人满意的主要原因是一般研究经费不足和对更高效、更轻因此更有活力的结构的需求迅速增长之间的失衡。在强大的商业压力下，这些结构的建造目前在世界各地进行，令人担忧的是，这得不到对其业务动态行为的充分了解。从基本原则出发，需要更多地整合现有理论和现有(但在此背景下没有利用)技术，以将实验和分析方法与动态性能联系起来。将分析与实际联系起来是了解更好的动态性能和改进设计指南的唯一途径。因此，建议的主要目的是在未来五年为建议者提供灵活的拨款，以实现他们的理想，即采用综合方法管理大型土木工程结构的设计和评估，以及管理其动态表现。声明的目标，或者更确切地说，愿景，是非常雄心勃勃的，但也是广泛的，有风险的，在正常的EPSRC基于项目的资金下很难调查。在这方面，平台赠款是实现这一目标的理想供资机制。目前的VES活动组合与平台赠款提案完全兼容，为这项工作提供了丰富和令人兴奋的专业知识以及硬件和软件支持。

Despite decades of mainly laboratory-based research, dynamic performance, including vibration serviceability, of as-built civil engineering structures in open-space environments is still one of the least understood areas of civil structural engineering. However, this area is rapidly gaining in importance due to strong trends towards increased slenderness and height as well as reduced mass, stiffness and damping of high-rise buildings, long-span floors, road- and foot-bridges, as well as assembly structures such as grandstands occupied and dynamically excited by thousands of spectators. To compound the problem, in the last 10 years this has been coupled with the contradicting requirements to reduce and control structural vibrations when humans and/or sensitive processes are vibration receivers. This is mainly due to increased human expectations from high-quality infrastructure and the development of advanced technological processes, such as microelectronics manufacturing or particle physics research, requiring sub-micron positional precision. Another aspect of dynamic performance of as-built civil engineering structures is their long-term monitoring. This is rapidly gaining importance in the developing and sometimes contentious field of structural health monitoring (SHM), which is a misnomer and should more appropriately be understood, based on recent developments in the field, as structural performance monitoring (SPM).Not surprisingly, with vibration serviceability, two-thirds of all relevant papers dealing with this problem were published only in the last 8 years. The value of the portfolio of affected, mainly new-built or refurbished, structures just in the UK is more than 100bn annually. Wind, earthquake, over- and underground traffic as well as human-induced dynamic excitation (e.g. due to walking or jumping) are the key operational dynamic actions of which effects on as-built real-life full-scale civil engineering structures and their prediction (for vibration serviceability), utilisation (for SPM) and mitigation (for vibration control) are the subject of this Platform Grant proposal.The key reason for the current unsatisfactory worldwide state-of-the-art in this area is the imbalance between the general research underfunding and rapidly increasing demands for more efficient, lighter - therefore livelier - structures. Under strong commercial pressures the construction of these structures currently takes place all over the world and it is worrying that this is not supported by sound understanding of their operational dynamic behaviour. Starting from first principles, more integration of existing theories and available (but in this context not utilised) technologies, is required to link experimental and analytical approaches to dynamic performance. Linking analysis with reality is the only way to understand better dynamic performance and improve design guidelines. This link is often missing nowadays.The key aim of the proposal therefore is to provide flexible funding for the proposers over the next five years to realise their vision for an integrated approach to management of design and assessment, and management of dynamic performance of large civil engineering structures. The stated aim, or better say vision, is very ambitious but is also broad, risky and difficult to investigate under normal EPSRC project-based funding. In this context, the Platform Grant is the ideal funding mechanism for achieving this aim. The current portfolio of VES activities is fully compatible with this Platform Grant proposal, offering rich and exciting expertise as well as hardware and software support for the work.