RISK OF HIV INFECTION AND FERTILITY-RELATED BEHAVIORS

HIV感染的围产期传播呈现高风险 对于母亲和婴儿来说，情况都是如此，而且往往是悲惨的 后果。然而，到目前为止，还没有关于 感染艾滋病毒风险增加的妇女意识到的程度 艾滋病与怀孕之间的关系，也没有 任何关于认识一个人的影响的系统研究都在增加 近期和未来与生育相关的艾滋病毒感染风险 行为。这项研究的目标是开始填补这一点 通过调查了解的差距：如何认识或 风险，艾滋病毒感染会影响与生育相关的行为 孕妇和产后妇女在人口统计学上处于增长状态 感染艾滋病毒的风险(城市、经济困难的黑人 妇女)；在怀孕期间被告知的影响 在与生育相关的行为中感染艾滋病毒的风险增加 在这些女人中。 一项前瞻性研究将在一个孕妇小组中进行 在约翰·霍普金斯产科医院接受护理的妇女 诊所。235名被认定为更高级别的女性 基于筛查问卷的艾滋病毒感染风险将是 在产前接受采访。在这些人中，113人将是拒绝的女性 血液检测，101人检测血清阴性，21人检测 血清阳性。此外，231名风险较低的女性也将 在产前接受采访。所有女性都将在12个月时接受面试 产后。 访谈的框架借鉴了风险中的心理社会工作。 不确定条件下的感知和决策。 研究结果将描述：哪些弱势少数群体 怀孕的妇女了解艾滋病、艾滋病毒感染、艾滋病毒 测试及其与怀孕和性行为的关系； 这些妇女与生育有关的行为，特别是 重点关注避孕实践、怀孕计划和计划 家庭规模；以及人们对艾滋病的看法和 对风险状况的了解会导致这些方面的变化 与生育相关的行为。

Perinatal transmission of HIV infection presents a high risk situation for both the mother and the baby, and often has tragic consequences. Yet, to date, there have been no studies of the extent to which women at increased risk of HIV infection are aware of the relationship between AIDS and pregnancy, nor have there been any systematic studies of the impact of knowing one is at increased risk of HIV infection on immediate and future fertility-related behaviors. The objective of this study is to begin to fill this gap in our understanding by investigating: how awareness of, or risk for, HIV infection affect fertility-related behavior among pregnant and postpartum women who demographically are at increased risk of HIV infection (urban, economically disadvantaged Black women); and the impact of being informed while pregnant that one is at increased risk of HIV infection on fertility-related behavior among these women. A prospective study will be undertaken with a panel of pregnant women receiving care at the Johns Hopkins Hospital obstetrical clinic. Two-hundred thirty-five women who are identified as higher risk for HIV infection based on screening questionnaires will be interviewed prenatally. Of these, 113 will be women who refuse blood testing, 101 who test seronegative, and 21 who test seropostive. In addition, 231 lower risk women will also be interviewed prenatally. All women will be interviewed at 12 months postpartum. The framework for the interviews draws on psychosocial work in risk perceptions and decision-making under conditions of uncertainty. Results of the study will describe: what disadvantaged minority women who are pregnant understand about AIDS, HIV infection, HIV testing and their relationships to pregnancy and sexual behavior; the fertility-related behaviors of these women, with a particular focus on contraceptive practices, plans for pregnancy, and plans for family size; and the extent to which perceptions of AIDS and knowledge of one's risk status results in changes in these fertility-related behaviors.