PHOTOINACTIVATION OF VIRUSES IN PLATELET SUSPENSIONS

感染的传播是最频繁和最严重的 输血的负面结果，尽管有大量的献血者 筛查和实验室检测。据估计，多达100人 血液及其成分的接受者可能感染艾滋病毒 在美国每年都会有前瞻性研究 解读为可能会有多达30万名收件人 受感染的肝炎病毒有可能引起 严重或致命的长期后遗症。疱疹病毒继续 对于免疫功能低下的接受者来说是一个问题，而且新的 公认的逆转录病毒正在引起人们的关注。其中 血液成分接受者，约250,000名患者 每年接受浓缩血小板；这些接受者中的大多数 正在接受治疗方案，导致严重的 免疫抑制。浓缩血小板的性质并不是 允许使用简单的物理方法消除传染病 污染物。某些光灭活过程是特定的 对于核酸；初步调查表明 灭活5-6个模型病毒日志的条件不会 干扰了血小板的功能。安全、有效 将制定光灭活方案以灭活6个日志 人类免疫缺陷病毒在血浆和血小板细胞内的分布 浓缩液。这些方法将被评估和修改为 适合清除5-6个更具抵抗力的模型病毒。 筛查方法将用于评估不同的影响 光灭活剂和长波紫外线对病毒和血小板的影响 受控制的条件。灭活6个日志病毒的条件 但保留血小板的形态将进行更深入的研究 在浓缩血小板的环境中评估其机制 了解血小板损伤的动力学和机制。 在这种环境下，核酸会受到破坏。毒理学研究将会是 实施，以便交付方法，如有必要，可以 旨在结合去除添加的化学物质的方法。

Transmission of infection is the most frequent and serious negative outcome of blood transfusion, despite extensive donor screening and laboratory testing. It is estimated that up to 100 recipients of blood and its components may be infected with HIV in the United States each year and prospective studies have been interpreted to suggest that up to 300,000 recipients may be infected have hepatitis viruses that have a potential for causing serious or lethal long term sequelae. Herpes viruses continue to be a problem for immunocompromised recipients and newly recognized retroviruses are generating concern. Among recipients of blood components, approximately 250,000 patients receive platelet concentrates annually; most of these recipients are under treatment protocols which result in profound immunosuppression. The nature of platelet concentrates does not permit simple physical methods of removing infectious contaminants. Certain photoinactivation procedures are specific for nucleic acids; preliminary investigations suggest that conditions which inactivate 5-6 logs of model viruses do not interfere with platelet function. Safe, effective photoinactivation protocols will be developed to inactivate 6 logs of HIV in both plasma and cellular compartments in platelet concentrates. These methods will be evaluated and modified as appropriate to eliminate 5-6 logs of more resistant model viruses. Screening methods will be used to assess the separate effects of photoinactivators and long-wave UV on viruses and platelets in controlled conditions. Conditions which inactivate 6 logs of virus but retain platelet morphology will be investigated in more depth in a platelet concentrate environment to assess mechanisms of platelet damage and to understand the kinetics and mechanism of nucleic acid damage in this milieu. Toxicologic studies will be carried out so that delivery methods, can, if necessary, be designed to incorporate means to remove added chemicals.