AIRWAY REACTIVITY TO SUGGESTION AND STRESS IN ASTHMA

本研究通过两个实验考察了暗示和压力对被试的影响 以及心身哮喘的一般模型。 模型 预测心理因素只会影响支气管功能 在主要由迷走神经介导的哮喘阻塞患者中， 上呼吸道，这些人也将表现出更大的迷走神经 应激反应 它还预测了焦虑，压抑的应对， 和可催眠性/催眠性将预测支气管变化， 从主要上呼吸道疾病患者的心理干预 哮喘 哮喘气道阻塞部位将通过氦氧肺测量 机械和哮喘的存在/严重程度通过乙酰甲胆碱激发试验。 在一个实验中，受试者会得到错误的暗示， 吸入强效支气管收缩剂对肺功能的影响 评估。 在另一项实验中，受试者将暴露于实验室 压力，而肺和其他措施的交感神经和 采取副交感神经活动，包括呼吸性窦性心律不齐 作为测量迷走神经张力和尿中儿茶酚胺水平的指标。 本研究将 试图确定交感神经和副交感神经的相对作用 活动对心身哮喘的影响。 受试者的 支气管收缩的感觉将通过心理物理学评估。 缩放 其他研究将评估呼吸性窦性心律失常的有效性， 哮喘患者迷走神经张力的测量和茶碱的作用 第二次实验中采取的依赖性措施的药物。

Two experiments are proposed to examine the effect of suggestion and stress on the airways, and a general model for psychosomatic asthma. The model predicts that psychological factors will affect bronchial function only among those with asthmatic obstruction primarily in mostly vagally-mediated upper airways, and that these individuals also will show greater vagal reactivity to stress. It also predicts that anxiety, repressive coping, and suggestibility/hypnotizability will predict bronchial changes resulting from psychological interventions in individuals with primarily upper-airway asthma. Site of airway obstruction in asthma will be measured by heliox lung mechanics and asthma presence/severity by the methacholine challenge test. In one experiment, subjects will be given false suggestions that they are inhaling a potent bronchoconstrictor. Effects on pulmonary function will be assessed. In another experiment, subjects will be exposed to laboratory stressors, while pulmonary and other measures of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity are taken, including respiratory sinus arrhythmia as a measure of vagal tone and urine catecholamine levels. This study will attempt to determine the relative roles of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity in the contribution to psychosomatic asthma. Subjects' perceptions of bronchoconstriction will be assessed by psychophysical scaling. Other studies will evaluate the validity of respiratory sinus arrhythmia as a measure of vagal tone among asthmatics, and the effects of theophylline medication on the dependent measures taken in the second experiment.