G8 Multilateral Research Funding Nu-FuSE

在过去的几十年里，核聚变能研究的主要焦点一直是被称为托卡马克的磁约束装置。英国的jet装置目前是世界上最大的托卡马克装置，但将被目前正在法国建设的国际ITER装置超越。为ITER提供计算资源的是一台位于德国j<s:1>利希的专用高性能聚变计算机（HPC-FF），它将很快在日本六所所的国际聚变能源研究中心在日本和欧盟之间的“更广泛的方法”框架内进行扩展。计划于2012年开始运营。模拟在三个主要领域是必需的：等离子体物理，强大的控制等离子体-固体相互作用/界面，和材料科学。我们已经建立了一个包括六个国家（法国，德国，日本，俄罗斯，英国和美国）的联盟，在所有这三个应用领域以及基础计算科学技术方面具有专业知识。我们建议利用这些技能进行一个综合研究计划，重点研究与提供实验验证的磁融合系统预测能力相关的关键代码的缩放。在通往经济的磁约束聚变反应堆的道路上，集成的数值模型可以加速技术进步，也可以加速物理进步，甚至可以缓解可能的瓶颈。我们的提案集中在三个科学领域的代码，等离子体本身，建造反应堆的材料，以及等离子体边缘的物理学。之前关于材料和等离子体的研究都是独立进行的，而该提案的一个关键方面是确保在这些领域工作的科学家精通影响推定设备的所有问题。我们将培养一批真正的“聚变能”专家的年轻科学家，而不是目前等离子体物理学家、反应堆工程师和材料科学家之间的专业分工。这个小组将包括由项目资助的研究人员，以及由组成大学资助的学生。它还将把来自不同领域的国际资深科学家（pi）聚集在一起，共同支持一种实用的核聚变装置。合作培训课程将确保在一个领域的专业知识与对另一个领域的理解相匹配。特别是在材料科学领域，研究人员正在使用开发的代码来处理各种材料。与融合相关的问题更加具体，算法和并行化的发展都有很大的空间来带来显著的加速。通过专注于社区代码，我们将确保项目的大规模开发不仅有利于为项目本身工作的科学家，也有利于广泛的外部用户。

The primary focus of fusion energy research over the past decades hasbeen on magnetic confinement devices called tokamaks. The UK's JETfacility is currently the largest tokamak in the world but will be surpassedby the international ITER device, now under construction in France.Providing computational resources in support of ITER is a dedicated HighPerformance Computer for Fusion (HPC-FF) at Jülich, Germany, which willsoon be expanded at Rokkasho, Japan in the International Fusion EnergyResearch Center within the ``broader approach" framework betweenJapan and the EU. Operation is planned to start in 2012. Simulation isrequired in three principal areas: plasma physics, the powerful controllingplasma-solid interaction/interface, and materials science. We haveconstructed a consortium involving six countries (France, Germany, Japan,Russia, UK and USA) with expertise in all three of these applicationsdomains as well as the underpinning computational science techniques.We propose to use these skills to undertake an integrated researchprogramme focussed on investigating the scaling of key codes which haverelevance for providing experimentally validated predictive capabilities formagnetic fusion systems.On the path towards an economical magnetic confinement fusion reactorintegrated numerical models can speed up technological but also physicalprogress, even mitigating possible bottlenecks.Our proposal concentrates on codes for three scientific areas, the plasmaitself, the materials from which a reactor will be built, and the physics of theplasma edge.Previous research on materials and plasmas has been conductedindependently, and a key aspect of the proposal is to ensure that scientistsworking in these areas are well versed in all the issues affecting putativedevices. We will train a cohort of young scientists who are genuinelyexpert in "Fusion Energy", as opposed to the current division of expertisebetween plasma physicists, reactor engineers and materials scientists.This group will comprise both the researchers paid for by the project, andthe students funded by the constituent universities to work alongside them.It will also bring together the international group of senior scientists (PIs)from different fields united in the goal of supporting a practical fusionenergy device. The collaborative training courses will ensure thatexpertise in one area is matched by an understanding of the other.Particularly in materials science, researchers are using codes developedto treat a wide range of materials. The issues relevant for fusion are morespecific, and there is plenty ofscope for both algorithmic and parallelisation developments to lead tosignificant speed-ups.By concentrating on community codes, we will ensure that the exascaledevelopments of the project are of benefit to a wide range of externalusers, in addition to the scientists working on the project itself.