MOTOR CONTROL

脊椎动物运动控制的研究将受到关注 前庭脊髓反射，起源于颈部感受器，作用于 四肢或身体，并与上颈椎节段的组织。 前庭脊髓研究的一个主要目标是研究神经回路。 潜在的功能上有意义的反应。复杂，以及短延迟， 迷路和前肢运动神经元之间的通路将通过 电刺激或正弦刺激激活前庭传入 极化。前庭神经元投射到前肢的行为 节段和这些节段中的中间神经元对这种刺激的反应将 采用单细胞记录法进行检查。我们将努力确定，通过 无论兴奋的中间神经元是否投射到运动神经元，尖峰触发的平均。 将研究颈部和前肢肌肉的耳石反射的动力学。 用电脑控制的倾斜台；肌电和单个脑干神经元的活动 都会被记录下来。在第二个项目中，目标是学习电路 潜在的颈部反射。我们将通过查看以下内容的效果来实现此目的 颈近端和远端传入神经对脊髓神经元的激活。我们会 运动神经元和中间神经元的细胞内和细胞外记录 分别位于前肢节段。前庭和颈部会聚 将对输入进行检查。在第三个项目中，我们将使用电生理学 研究上颈椎组织的某些方面的技术 细分市场。通过细胞内记录，我们将研究反射效应。 颈运动神经元在颈关节区域的传入。我们还将 研究从纺锤体初级传入的分歧；许多颈部肌肉 是由几个脊柱节段支配的，我们将测试 同一节段和其他节段运动神经元上的传入纤维。

Investigations on vertebrate motor control will be concerned with vestibulospinal reflexes, with originating in neck receptors and acting on the limbs or body, and with the organization of the upper cervical spinal segments. A principal goal of the vestibulospinal work will be to study neural circuitry underlying functionally meaningful reflexes. Complex, as well as short latency, pathways between labyrinth and forelimb motoneurons will be studied by activating vestibular afferents by electric stimuli or by sinusoidal polarization. The behavior of vestibular neurons projecting to the forelimb segments and of interneurons in these segments in response to such stimuli will be examined by single-cell recording. We will try to determine, by spike-triggered averaging, whether excited interneurons project to motoneurons. The dynamics of otolith reflexes of neck and forelimb muscles will be studies with a computer-controlled tilt table; EMG and single brainstem neuron activity will be recorded. In the second project the goal is to study the circuitry underlying neck reflexes. We will do this by looking at the effect of activation of proximal, and distal, neck afferents on spinal neurons. We will record intracellularly and extracellularly from motoneurons and interneurons respectively in the forelimb segments. Convergence between vestibular and neck input will be examined. In the third project we will use electrophysiological techniques to study some aspects of the organization of the upper cervical segments. With intracellular recording we will study the reflex effects of afferents in the region of the neck joints on neck motoneurons. We will also investigate divergence of afferents from spindle primaries; many neck muscles are innervated from several spinal segments and we will test the effectiveness of afferents in one segment on motoneurons in the same and other segments.