Developing Scalable Smart Grid Infrastructure to Enable Secure Transmission System Control

在英国，作为GB输电运营商，国家电网已经建立了“走向绿色”的方案，到2020年，35%的英国电力来自可再生能源，例如间歇性和高度可变的风能，而目前约为6-7%。因此，英国国家电网在未来十年乃至更长时间内将面临重大的运营挑战。同样，在中国广州，目前已经拥有世界上技术最先进、操作最复杂的输电系统之一。自2005年以来，由于大规模可再生能源部署对输电系统的影响，中国南方电网已经经历了复杂的运营挑战。很明显，英国输电系统运营商面临的类似运营挑战，在中国和世界其他地区的输电网络运营商也面临着同样的挑战。输电系统控制中心的决策正变得越来越复杂，为了实现输电系统的最佳运行，需要控制室采取行动，缩短时间尺度，并在未来更多地依赖更准确的风险评估。拟议的协作跨学科智能电网研究将调查和开发安全高性能计算平台上的可扩展工具，支持大规模、可互操作的近实时数据处理和数据挖掘方法。新的接近实时的模拟技术和计算分析将被研究在高计算速度下的部署和性能，使用新的可扩展工具和基础设施，如可信的云计算平台或专用集群计算平台。将研究和开发利用改进的处理器、芯片组和平台级安全性的安全云计算的最新发展，以提供受保护的计算环境，使关键应用程序不会受到损害。在该项目中开发的新型智能电网工具和技术可以提供和支持更快的行动，以在更短的时间尺度内安全控制更复杂的输电系统，因此在此类未来输电系统的运营基础上容纳更多的可再生能源。在2020年及以后，英国、中国和世界其他地区的输电系统运营商在运行更复杂的未来输电系统时，将从这种可扩展、高性能和安全的工具中受益匪浅，这些传输系统将容纳更多的可再生能源。因为它们将能够安全地容纳大量的间歇性可再生能源，从而使电力供应行业的脱碳符合2020年的目标。

In the UK, as the GB transmission operator, National Grid has established the 'Gone Green' scenario, which results in 35% of UK electricity being sourced from renewable energy sources by 2020, such as intermittent and highly variable wind power for example, compared with about 6-7% today. Therefore, in the UK National Grid will face significant operational challenges over the next decade and beyond. Similarly in the Guangzhou province of China there now already exists one of the most technologically advanced and operationally complex transmission systems in the world. From 2005 onwards China Southern Power Grid has already experienced operationally complex challenges due to the impact of large-scale renewable energy source deployment on the transmission system.It is clear that similar operational challenges, as faced in the UK by the GB transmission system operator, are also being faced by transmission network operators in China and also in other parts of the world. Decision making in transmission system control centres is becoming more complex and control room actions are required in reducing timescales and with greater reliance on more accurate risk assessment in the future in order to enable optimal operation of transmission systems.The proposed collaborative interdisciplinary smart grids research will investigate and develop scalable tools on secure high performance computing platforms that support large-scale, interoperable near to real-time data processing and data mining methods. Novel near to real-time simulation techniques and computational analysis will be investigated with regard to deployment and performance at high computational speeds, using novel scalable tools and infrastructure such as trusted cloud computing platforms or dedicated cluster computing platforms. Recent developments in secure cloud computing that exploit improved processor, chipset and platform-level security will be investigated and developed to provide protected computational environments such that critical applications cannot be compromised. The novel smart grid tools and techniques that will be developed in this project can provide and support much faster actions to securely control more complex transmission systems in shorter time scales and therefore accommodate greater renewable energy sources on an operational basis in such future transmission systems.Transmission system operators in the UK, China and other parts of the world will benefit considerably from the future availability of such scalable, high performance and secure tools when operating more complex future transmission systems that accommodate greater amounts of renewable energy resources in 2020 and beyond, as they will be able to securely accommodate larger amounts of intermittent renewable energy sources and thereby enable the decarbonisation of the electricity supply industry in line with 2020 targets.