G PROTEINS IN THE CNS

G蛋白将大量第一信使的受体偶联到 各种各样的第二信使系统， 方面的影响. 这些分子在体内的研究仅限于细胞 文化系统和病理条件的描述， 改变G蛋白的水平或功能。 系统目前不 这些分子在复杂的生物学中的作用 可以以系统的方式处理这些进程。 我们打算分析 G蛋白在果蝇这些过程中的作用。 初步研究涉及G蛋白的特征 存在于成年果蝇CNS中的cDNA和从果蝇头中分离cDNA 这些文库编码与每种主要蛋白质高度同源的蛋白质， 在脊椎动物中表达的G蛋白a亚基的类别。 我们将扩展 这些研究通过分离和表征编码这些的基因， cDNA，以确定其产生替代基因的潜力。 成绩单 将产生针对每种抗体的特异性肽的抗体。 G α亚基蛋白的表达，为我们提供了研究 各蛋白在神经系统中的分布和表达 发展 我们将尝试确定功能同源性 果蝇类Gs α克隆和脊椎动物的等价物之间的关系， 评估果蝇cDNAs对这种蛋白质的补充能力， S49细胞中存在缺陷。 几个孩子的母性表情 果蝇G蛋白α亚基将被操纵，以评估其作用， 这些蛋白质在早期神经系统发育中的作用。 使用 利用果蝇的遗传工具，我们将尝试分离 消除果蝇G α亚基表达的突变。 等 突变将被研究，并为我们提供 表达G蛋白α亚基基因的受体菌株 其已经在体外通过位点特异性诱变和其他方法被改变， 方法. 使用我们将建立的系统，G蛋白将是，因为 第一次，受到研究的一些组合的方法， 以确定它们在神经系统功能中的作用， 发展

G proteins couple the receptors for a vast array of first messengers to a variety of second messenger systems which generate diverse biological effects. The study of these molecules in vivo has been limited to cell culture systems and the description of pathological conditions which alter the level or function of G proteins. A system does not currently exist ni which the role of these molecules in complex biological processes can be addressed in a systematic way. We intend to analyze the role of G proteins in these processes in the fruit fly, Drosophila. Preliminary studies have involved the characterization of the G proteins present in the adult fly CNS and the isolation of cDNAs from fly head libraries which code for proteins highly homologous to each of the main classes of G protein a subunit expressed in vertebrates. We will extend these studies by isolating and characterizing the genes coding for these cDNAs to determine their potential for the production of alternate transcripts. Antibodies will be generated to peptides specific for each of the G alpha subunit protein to provide us with tools to examine the distribution and expression of each protein during nervous system development. We will attempt to determine the functional homology between fly Gs alpha-like clones and the vertebrate equivalents by assessing the ability of fly cDNAs for this protein to complement the defect present in S49 cyc- cells. The maternal expression of several of the fly G protein alpha subunits will be manipulated to assess the role of these proteins in the early nervous system development. Using the genetic tools available in Drosophila, we will attempt to isolate mutations which abolish the expression of fly G alpha subunits. Such mutations will be studied in their own right and provide us with recipient strains in which to express G protein alpha subunit genes which have been altered in vitro buy site specific mutagenesis and other methods. Using the system we will establish, G proteins will be, for the first time, subjected to study by a number of combined approaches in vivo to determine the role they play in nervous system function and development.