REDUCING AVOIDABLE CANCER MORTALITY AMONG BLACKS

当按研究中心检查癌症时间趋势数据时， 黑人的存活率较低。 早期检测 据信，癌症在少数民族中的发生率较低。 对癌症认识较差的文献表明， 意识和早期发现。 我们的目标是提高50岁至100岁的黑人男女的癌症存活率。 70在加州的北方阿拉米达县的地理限定区域。 我们的目标是：1）提高癌症意识和预防癌症的做法 （2）增加预防癌症的行为; 3)减少识别可疑标志之间的滞后时间， 医学随访;和4）减少消化和 生殖系统癌症被诊断出来。 为了增加 知识的获得将导致行为的改变，我们设计了一个 利用创新参与的信息和转介系统 机制等 首先，我们计划发展有关癌症的健康信息， 用于Tel-Med系统的症状。 一名建议护士将作为后备 到系统，并将转诊个人进行医疗诊断或提供 关于预防措施的信息。 二是组织培训 个人在这样的社区团体，如教会，俱乐部，兄弟会， 组织成为特定社交网络内的建议提供者， 向远程医疗系统转诊。 第三，我们将与 提供者社区提高对癌症检测的敏感性。 提出了两种评价方法：一种是前-后设计， 将使用比较组;研究和比较领域的调查 在第1年和第5年将评估癌症意识和癌症使用的变化 预防措施。 为了确定健康的目标是否 进行了教育干预，比较干预前后的效果 在这两个将进行。 这种方法将有助于确定 我们的计划是否有效地提高了检测的早期性 特定的癌症部位 在该分析中，特定癌症的数据 我们目标区域的站点将与整个弗朗西斯科湾进行比较 区

When cancer time-trend data are examined by site, higher mortality and lower survival rates are found among the black population. Early detection of cancer is believed to be less frequent among minority populations. Documentation of poorer cancer awareness suggests a causal linkage between awareness and early detection. Our goal is to improve cancer survival among black men and women aged 50 to 70 in a geographical defined area in Northern Alameda County, California. We aim to: 1) increase cancer awareness and cancer prevention practices among members of this population; 2) increase cancer prevention behaviors; 3) decrease the lag-time between identification of a suspicious sign and medical follow-up; and 4) decrease the stage at which digestive and reproductive cancers are diagnosed. To increase the probability that knowledge gains will lead to behavior change, we have designed an information and referral system that utilizes innovative engagement mechanisms. First, we plan to develop health messages regarding cancer symptoms for use in a Tel-Med system. An advice nurse will act as a backup to the system and will refer individuals for medical diagnosis or provide information on preventive measures. Second, we will organize and train individuals in such community groups as churches, clubs, and fraternal organizations to be advice givers within specific social networks and to make referrals to the Tel-Med system. Third, we will work with the provider community to increase sensitivity to cancer detection. Two methods of evaluation are proposed: in one, a pre-post design with a comparison group will be used; surveys in both study and comparison areas in years 1 and 5 will assess changes in cancer awareness and use of cancer prevention practices. To determine whether the objectives of the health education intervention have occurred, a comparison of pre and post results in these two will be conducted. This approach will help to determine whether our program was effective in increasing the earliness of detection for specified cancer sites. In this analysis, data for specified cancer sites in our target area will be compared to the entire San Francisco Bay Area.