REDUCING AVOIDABLE CANCER MORTALITY AMONG BLACKS

当按地点检查癌症时间趋势数据时，死亡率更高，死亡率更低 在黑人人口中发现了存活率。早期发现 据信，癌症在少数族裔人群中较少发生。 对癌症意识较差的记录表明， 意识到并及早发现。 我们的目标是提高50岁至50岁黑人男性和女性的癌症存活率 70在加利福尼亚州阿拉米达县北部的一个地理定义的地区。 我们的目标是：1)提高癌症意识和癌症预防实践 2)增加癌症预防行为； 3)缩短识别可疑标志与 医学随访；4)减少消化和营养不良的阶段 生殖道癌被诊断出来。增加……的概率 知识的获得会导致行为的改变，我们设计了一个 利用创新参与的信息和推荐系统 机械装置。首先，我们计划开发关于癌症的健康信息 在TEL-Med系统中使用的症状。一名咨询护士将充当后备 并将转介个人进行医疗诊断或提供 关于预防措施的信息。二是组织开展培训 教堂、俱乐部和兄弟会等社区团体中的个人 组织在特定的社交网络中提供建议，并 向TEL-Med系统推荐。第三，我们将与供应商合作 社区提高对癌症检测的敏感性。 提出了两种评价方法：一种是岗位前设计 将使用比较组；#年研究和比较领域的调查 第一年和第五年将评估癌症意识和癌症使用的变化 预防实践。以确定健康的目标是否 教育干预已经发生，前后效果比较 在这两个方面都会进行。这种方法将有助于确定 我们的计划是否有效地提高了检测的及时性 用于特定的癌症部位。在这项分析中，指定癌症的数据 我们目标区域的地点将与整个旧金山湾进行比较 区域。

When cancer time-trend data are examined by site, higher mortality and lower survival rates are found among the black population. Early detection of cancer is believed to be less frequent among minority populations. Documentation of poorer cancer awareness suggests a causal linkage between awareness and early detection. Our goal is to improve cancer survival among black men and women aged 50 to 70 in a geographically defined area in Northern Alameda County, California. We aim to: 1) increase cancer awareness and cancer prevention practices among members of this population; 2) increase cancer prevention behaviors; 3) decrease the lag-time between identification of a suspicious sign and medical follow-up; and 4) decrease the stage at which digestive and reproductive cancers are diagnosed. To increase the probability that knowledge gains will lead to behavior change, we have designed an information and referral system that utilizes innovative engagement mechanisms. First, we plan to develop health messages regarding cancer symptoms for use in a Tel-Med system. An advice nurse will act as a backup to the system and will refer individuals for medical diagnosis or provide information on preventive measures. Second, we will organize and train individuals in such community groups as churches, clubs, and fraternal organizations to be advice givers within specific social networks and to make referrals to the Tel-Med system. Third, we will work with the provider community to increase sensitivity to cancer detection. Two methods of evaluation are proposed: in one, a pre-post design with a comparison group will be used; surveys in both study and comparison areas in years 1 and 5 will assess changes in cancer awareness and use of cancer prevention practices. To determine whether the objectives of the health education intervention have occurred, a comparison of pre and post results in these two will be conducted. This approach will help to determine whether our program was effective in increasing the earliness of detection for specified cancer sites. In this analysis, data for specified cancer sites in our target area will be compared to the entire San Francisco Bay Area.