Ebbs and Flows of Energy Systems (EFES)

该项目建立在能源系统可行性研究(31737-230167)的基础上，展示了虚拟发电厂的发展、影响和商业潜力，该虚拟发电厂集成了建筑能源管理、可再生发电、电动汽车和电池储存系统。该项目将管理一系列地点的电力使用，从单一物业到大型商业场所。拟议的管理系统使用基于算法的预测控制来实现和优化多个电动汽车和家用蓄电池作为储能和发电资源的积极利用。该项目将展示VPP功能，聚合不同的能源分布式能源资源，以提供更广泛的网络辅助支持服务，如调峰。这将减少电力需求水平、成本和二氧化碳排放的可变性，并提高英国电网的供应安全性。华威大学的贡献将是一个新的能源系统模型，该模型将量化车辆电池系统在现实世界驾驶和充放电条件下运行时的能量存储、性能和退化(Vehicle-to-Grid：V2G)。这一模式将加强行业合作伙伴在能源系统设计和评估领域的能力。对能源储存性能和退化的全面了解对能源供应商也很有价值-它将进一步支持创建商业模式，促进可再生能源的使用和本地储存的整合。能源储存是政府确定的推动英国未来增长的八大技术之一(DavidWilletts MP，Policy Exchange，2013)。RCUK 2010年的《能源评论》强调，对能源储存的研发有可能在2030年后实现高水平的脱碳。TSB(能源供应战略，2012)指出，能源和运输部门的电池相关研发是英国的优先事项，将受益于公共投资。

This project builds upon the Ebbs and Flows of Energy Systems feasibility study (31737-230167) and demonstrates thedevelopment, impact and business potential of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP) integrating: building energy management;renewable electricity generation, electric vehicles and battery storage systems. The project will manage the electricity useof a range of sites, from single properties through to large commercial premises. The proposed management system usesalgorithm based predictive control to enable and optimise the active utilisation of multiple electric vehicle and domesticstorage batteries as an energy storage and generation resource. The project will demonstrate VPP functionality,aggregating the disparate energy distributed energy resources to provide wider network ancillary support services, such aspeak shaving. This will reduce variability in electricity demand levels, cost and CO2 emissions, plus improve the UK gridsecurity of supply.The Warwick university contribution will be a new energy system model that quantifies energy storage, performance anddegradation for a vehicle battery system when exercised under real-world driving and charging/discharging conditions(Vehicle-to-Grid: V2G). This model will reinforce the capability of the industrial partners in areas of energy system designand evaluation. A comprehensive understanding of energy storage performance and degradation will also be of great valueto energy providers - it will further support the creation of business models that promote the use of renewable sources ofenergy integrated with local storage.Energy storage is one of the eight great technologies identified by the government to propel the UK to future growth (DavidWilletts MP, Policy Exchange, 2013). The RCUK Review of Energy in 2010 highlights that R&D into energy storage has thepotential to yield high levels of de carbonisation beyond 2030. The TSB (Energy Supply Strategy, 2012) states that batteryrelated R&D within the energy and transport sectors is a UK priority that will benefit from public investment.